Abstract
Functional foods are defined as foods that have health benefits beyond their inherent nutritional value. The incorporation of probiotics in food products is one of the most popular forms of such products and acceptable to most consumers. In this chapter, various industrial probiotic products are discussed, including the type of microorganisms used and the production process. Details of processing conditions and choice of probiotics for retaining the viability of the microorganism through production are included. Advanced non-food application of probiotics and the potential for such products are also presented.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Activia Delicious Probiotic Yogurt. http://www.danone.ca/en/products/activia. Accessed 8 Jan 2015
Activity HN, Takeda K, Okumura K (2007) Effects of a Fermented Milk Drink Containing Lactobacillus casei Strain Shirota. 791–793
Adam JK, Odhav B, Babu KS (2012) Probiotics: recent understandings and biomedical applications. 6:1–14
Agostini S, Goubern M, Tondereau V et al (2012) A marketed fermented dairy product containing Bifidobacterium lactis CNCM I-2494 suppresses gut hypersensitivity and colonic barrier disruption induced by acute stress in rats. Neurogastroenterol Motil 24:376–e172. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01865.x
Akin M (2005) Effects of inulin and different sugar levels on viability of probiotic bacteria and the physical and sensory characteristics of probiotic fermented ice-cream. Milchwissenschaft 60:297–301
Akin MB, Akin MS, Kırmacı Z (2007) Effects of inulin and sugar levels on the viability of yogurt and probiotic bacteria and the physical and sensory characteristics in probiotic ice-cream. Food Chem 104:93–99. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.11.030
Anal AK, Singh H (2007) Recent advances in microencapsulation of probiotics for industrial applications and targeted delivery. Trends Food Sci Technol 18:240–251. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2007.01.004
Andrieu J-M, Chen S, Lai C et al (2014) Mucosal SIV vaccines comprising inactivated virus particles and bacterial adjuvants induce CD8(+) T-regulatory cells that suppress SIV-positive CD4(+) T-cell activation and prevent SIV infection in the macaque model. Front Immunol 5:297. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00297
Annan NT, Borza aD, Hansen LT (2008) Encapsulation in alginate-coated gelatin microspheres improves survival of the probiotic Bifidobacterium adolescentis 15703T during exposure to simulated gastro-intestinal conditions. Food Res Int 41:184–193. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2007.11.001
Aureli P, Capurso L, Castellazzi AM et al (2011) Probiotics and health: an evidence-based review. Pharmacol Res 63:366–376. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2011.02.006
Bais HP, Weir TL, Perry LG et al (2006) The role of root exudates in rhizosphere interactions with plants and other organisms. Annu Rev Plant Biol 57:233–266. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105159
BC Diary (2015) The probiotic effects of lactic acid bacteria. http://bcdairy.ca/milk/articles/the-probiotic-effects-of-lactic-acid-bacteria/. Accessed 13 Mar 2015
Behnsen J, Deriu E, Sassone-Corsi M, Raffatellu M (2013) Probiotics: properties, examples, and specific applications. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 3:1–16. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a010074
Berg G (2009) Plant-microbe interactions promoting plant growth and health: perspectives for controlled use of microorganisms in agriculture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 84:11–18. doi:10.1007/s00253-009-2092-7
Berg RD (1980) Inhibition of escherichia coli translocation from the gastrointestinal tract by normal cecal flora in gnotobiotic or antibiotic-decontamiinated mice. 29:1073–1081
Bergamini CV, Hynes ER, Quiberoni A et al (2005) Probiotic bacteria as adjunct starters: influence of the addition methodology on their survival in a semi-hard Argentinean cheese. Food Res Int 38:597–604. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2004.11.013
Berger B, Moine D, Mansourian R, Arigoni F (2010) HspR mutations are naturally selected in Bifidobacterium longum when successive heat shock treatments are applied. J Bacteriol 192:256–263. doi:10.1128/JB.01147-09
Bernardeau M, Gueguen M, Smith DGE et al (2009) In vitro antagonistic activities of Lactobacillus spp. against Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Brachyspira pilosicoli. Vet Microbiol 138:184–190. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.03.020
Bernat N, Cháfer M, Chiralt A, González-Martínez C (2014) Development of a non-dairy probiotic fermented product based on almond milk and inulin. Food Sci Technol Int. doi:10.1177/1082013214543705
BioGaia BioGaia Gastrus. http://www.biogaia.com/product/biogaia-gastrus. Accessed 13 Mar 2015
Blanchette L, Roy D, Bélanger G, Gauthier SF (1996) Production of cottage cheese using dressing fermented by Bifidobaceria. J Dairy Sci 79:8–15. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(96)76327-0
Burns AJ, Rowland IR (2000) Anti-carcinogenicity of probiotics and prebiotics. Curr Issues Intest Microbiol 1:13–24
Burt R (2014) Probiotics future in beef production looks promising. Beef Mag
Capela P, Hay TKC, Shah NP (2007) Effect of homogenisation on bead size and survival of encapsulated probiotic bacteria. Food Res Int 40:1261–1269. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2007.08.006
Castex M, Lemaire P, Wabete N, Chim L (2009) Effect of dietary probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici on antioxidant defences and oxidative stress status of shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris. Aquaculture 294:306–313. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.06.016
Champagne CP, Møllgaard H (2008) Handbook of fermented functional foods, 2nd edn. In: Farnworth ER (ed) Handb. fermented Funct. foods, 2nd Editio. CRC Press, Boca Raton, p 600
Chávarri M, Marañón I, Villarán MC (2012) Encapsulation technology to protect probiotic bacteria
Chen Z, Guo L, Zhang Y et al (2014) Incorporation of therapeutically modified bacteria into gut microbiota inhibits obesity. J Clin Invest 124:3391–3406. doi:10.1172/JCI72517
Chr. Hansen (2013) Expanding production facilities for probiotics. http://www.chr-hansen.com/news-media/singlenews/expanding-production-facilities-for-probiotics.html
Cláudia S, Martins S, Martins CM et al (2013) Immobilization of microbial cells: a promising tool for treatment of toxic pollutants in industrial wastewater. 12:4412–4418. doi:10.5897/AJB12.2677
Collado MC, Sanz Y (2006) Method for direct selection of potentially probiotic Bifidobacterium strains from human feces based on their acid-adaptation ability. J Microbiol Methods 66:560–563. doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2006.01.007
Compant S, Clément C, Sessitsch A (2010) Plant growth-promoting bacteria in the rhizo- and endosphere of plants: Their role, colonization, mechanisms involved and prospects for utilization. Soil Biol Biochem 42:669–678. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.11.024
Conzelmann C (1997) Foods: consequences for the food industry. 81
Culturelle® (2013) Culturelle® digestive health capsules. http://www.culturelleprobiotic.ca/digestive-health-probiotic-capsules. Accessed 13 Mar 2015
Danisco Winning probiotic solutions for poultry, swine and ruminants. http://animalnutrition.dupont.com/productsservices/feed-probiotic-solutions/. Accessed 8 Jan 2015
Danon Actimel Actimel Original Yoghurt. http://www.actimel.co.uk/fabulous-flavours/original/. Accessed 13 Mar 2015
Dave RI, Shah NP (1997) Viability of yoghurt and probiotic bacteria in yoghurts made from commercial starter cultures. Int Dairy J 7:31–41. doi:10.1016/S0958-6946(96)00046-5
De Vrese M, Stegelmann A, Richter B et al (2001) Probiotics–compensation for lactase insufficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 73:421S–429S
Desmond C, Fitzgerald GF, Stanton C, Ross RP (2004) Improved stress tolerance of GroESL-overproducing Lactococcus lactis and probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei NFBC 338. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:5929–5936. doi:10.1128/AEM.70.10.5929-5936.2004
Dinakar P, Mistry VV (1994) Growth and viability of Bifidobacterium bifidum in cheddar cheese. J Dairy Sci 77:2854–2864. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77225-8
Ding WK, Shah NP (2009) Effect of homogenization techniques on reducing the size of microcapsules and the survival of probiotic bacteria therein. J Food Sci 74:M231–M236. doi:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01195.x
Ding WK, Shah NP (2007) Acid, bile, and heat tolerance of free and microencapsulated probiotic bacteria. J Food Sci 72:M446–M450. doi:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00565.x
Enviva (2013) Enviva® MPI- the complementary feed for promoting gut health. http://animalnutrition.dupont.com/resource-library/result-list/resource/show/List/envivaR-mpi/. Accessed 8 Jan 2015
EU Ban (2005) Ban on antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed enters into effect. http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-05-1687_en.htm. Accessed 18 Mar 2015
Excelife (2006) B-imune multivitamin. http://www.webnificent.com/sample-sites/Excelife/multivitamin.htm
Florastor (2009) Florastor® a probiotic.org expert product review. http://www.probiotic.org/florastor.htm. Accessed 13 Mar 2015
Fox PF, Wallace JM, Morgan S et al (1996) Acceleration of cheese ripening. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 70:271–297. doi:10.1007/BF00395937
Francavilla R, Maurogiovanni G, Ierardi E, Cavallo L (2014) Lactobacillus reuteri strain combination in helicobacter pylori infection. J Clin Gastroenterol 48:407–413
Fuller R (1989) Probiotics in man and animals. J Appl Bacteriol 66:365–378
Gardiner G, Ross RP, Collins JK et al (1998) Development of a probiotic cheddar cheese containing human-derived Lactobacillus paracasei strains. Appl Environ Microbiol 64:2192–2199
Gardiner G, Stanton C, Lynch PB et al (1999) Evaluation of cheddar cheese as a food carrier for delivery of a probiotic strain to the gastrointestinal tract. J Dairy Sci 82:1379–1387. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75363-4
Gbassi GK, Vandamme T (2012) Probiotic encapsulation technology: from microencapsulation to release into the gut. Pharmaceutics 4:149–163. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics4010149
Ghoddusi HB, Robinson RK (1996) The test of time. Diary Ind Int 61:25–28
Gilchrist MJ, Greko C, Wallinga DB et al (2007) The potential role of concentrated animal feeding operations in infectious disease epidemics and antibiotic resistance. Environ Health Perspect 115:313–316. doi:10.1289/ehp.8837
Goldin BR, Gualtieri LJ, Moore RP (1996) The effect of Lactobacillus GG on the initiation and promotion of DMH-induced intestinal tumors in the rat. Nutr Cancer 25:197–204. doi:10.1080/01635589609514442
Gomes AMP, Malcata FX, Klaver FAM, Grande HJ (1995) Incorporation and survival of Bifidobacterium sp. strain Bo and Lactobacillus acidophilus strain Ki in a cheese product
Gomez-Gil B, Roque A, Velasco-Blanco G (2002) Culture of Vibrio alginolyticus C7b, a potential probiotic bacterium, with the microalga Chaetoceros muelleri. Aquaculture 211:43–48. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00004-2
Goyal N, Gandhi D (2008) Whey, a carrier of probiotics against diarrhoea. http://www.dairyscience.info/index.php/probiotics/110-whey-probiotics.html?showall=&start=2. Accessed 18 Mar 2015
Grover S, Rashmi HM, Srivastava AK, Batish VK (2012) Probiotics for human health -new innovations and emerging trends. Gut Pathog 4:15. doi:10.1186/1757-4749-4-15
Gueimonde M, Collado MC (2012) Metagenomics and probiotics. Clin Microbiol Infect 18(Suppl):32–34. doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03873.x
Gueimonde M, Kalliomäki M, Isolauri E, Salminen S (2006) Probiotic intervention in neonates–will permanent colonization ensue? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 42:604–606. doi:10.1097/01.mpg.0000221897.45910.d3
Gueimonde M, Sánchez B (2012) Enhancing probiotic stability in industrial processes. Microb Ecol Health Dis. doi:10.3402/mehd.v23i0.18562
Guybro Guybro chemical- Probiotics Products. http://www.indiamart.com/guybrochemical/probiotics-products.html. Accessed 8 Jan 2015
Guyonnet D, Chassany O, Ducrotte P et al (2007) Effect of a fermented milk containing Bifidobacterium animalis DN-173 010 on the health-related quality of life and symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome in adults in primary care: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 26:475–486. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03362.x
Halliwell DE (2002) Hands up for probiotics! The mechanism for health benefits is unclear, but interest. World Food Ingredients 46–50
Harvard (2005) Health benefits of taking probiotics. http://www.health.harvard.edu/vitamins-and-supplements/health-benefits-of-taking-probiotics. Accessed 14 Mar 2015
Heidebach T, Först P, Kulozik U (2012) Microencapsulation of probiotic cells for food applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 52:291–311. doi:10.1080/10408398.2010.499801
Hernandez-Mendoza A, Robles VJ, Angulo JO et al (2007) Preparation of a whey-based probiotic product with Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium bifidum. Food Technol Biotechnol 45:27–31
Hickson M (2011) Probiotics in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and Clostridium difficile infection. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 4:185–197. doi:10.1177/1756283X11399115
Hickson M, D’Souza AL, Muthu N et al (2007) Use of probiotic Lactobacillus preparation to prevent diarrhoea associated with antibiotics: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. BMJ 335:80. doi:10.1136/bmj.39231.599815.55
Hilliam M (2004) Healthier dairy. World Food Ingredients 52–54
Homayouni A, Alizadeh M, Alikhah H, Zijah V (2012) Functional dairy probiotic food development: trends, concepts and products. doi:10.5772/3444
Iannitti T, Palmieri B (2010) Therapeutical use of probiotic formulations in clinical practice. Clin Nutr 29:701–725. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2010.05.004
Ibrahim F, Ruvio S, Granlund L et al (2010) Probiotics and immunosenescence: cheese as a carrier. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 59:53–59. doi:10.1111/j.1574-695X.2010.00658.x
Ishibashi N, Yamazaki S (2001) Probiotics and safety. Am J Clin Nutr 73:465S–470
Jacobsen CN, Nielsen VR, Hayford AE, Møller PL (1999) Screening of probiotic activities of forty-seven strains of Lactobacillus spp. by in vitro techniques and evaluation of the colonization ability of five selected strains in humans. 65:4949–4956
Jin LZ, Marquardt RR, Zhao X (2000) A strain of Enterococcus faecium (18C23) inhibits adhesion of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 to porcine small intestine mucus. Appl Environ Microbiol 66:4200–4204
Joseph P, Dave R, Shah N (1998) Antagonism between yoghurt bacteria and probiotic bacteria isolated from commercial starter cultures, commercial yoghurts and a probiotic capsule. Food Aust 50:20–23
Jz G, Ssy M, Jd S et al (2013) Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile- associated diarrhea in adults and children (Review)
Kalavathy R, Abdullah N, Jalaludin S, Ho YW (2003) Effects of Lactobacillus cultures on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition, serum lipids and weight of organs of broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 44:139–144. doi:10.1080/0007166031000085445
Katz F (2001) Active cultures add function to yogurt and other foods. Food Technol 55:46–49
Kechagia M, Basoulis D, Konstantopoulou S et al (2013) Health benefits of probiotics: a review. ISRN Nutr 1–7
KeLATOX Life Start 2, Natren, Infant formula. http://www.kelatox.com/Life Start 2. Accessed 8 Jan 2015
Kosikowski FV, Mistry VV (1997) Fermented milks. Cheese Fermented Milk Foods, FV Ksikows. Westport, pp 57–74
Kosin B, Rakshit SK (2006) Microbial and processing criteria for production of probiotics: a review. Food Technol Biotechnol 44:371–379
Kunji ER, Mierau I, Hagting A et al (1996) The proteolytic systems of lactic acid bacteria. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 70:187–221
Kurzweil (2014) Study suggests probiotics could prevent obesity and insulin resistance. http://www.kurzweilai.net/study-suggests-probiotics-could-prevent-obesity-and-insulin-resistance
Lallemand BACTOCELL® Aquaculture—the dietary probiotic to secure fish and shrimp performance. http://www.lallemandanimalnutrition.com/products/bactocell-aquaculture/. Accessed 8 Jan 2015
Lara-Flores M, Olvera-Novoa MA, Guzmán-Méndez BE, López-Madrid W (2003) Use of the bacteria Streptococcus faecium and Lactobacillus acidophilus, and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as growth promoters in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture 216:193–201. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00277-6
Lee K-W, Li G, Lillehoj HS et al (2011) Bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbials augment macrophage function in broiler chickens. Res Vet Sci 91:e87–e91. doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.01.018
Lifeproducts 10-G Microbial feed additive for diary cattle
Marchand V (2012) Using probiotics in the paediatric. Can Paediatr Soc 17:1–17
Margolles A, Sánchez B (2012) Selection of a Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain with a decreased ability to produce acetic acid. Appl Environ Microbiol 78:3338–3342. doi:10.1128/AEM.00129-12
Marteau P, Seksik P, Jian R (2002) Probiotics and intestinal health effects: a clinical perspective. Br J Nutr 88(Suppl 1):S51–S57. doi:10.1079/BJN2002629
Martínez Cruz P, Ibáñez AL, Monroy Hermosillo Oa, Ramírez Saad HC (2012) Use of probiotics in aquaculture. ISRN Microbiol 2012:916845. doi:10.5402/2012/916845
McFarland LV (2006) Meta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea and the treatment of Clostridium difficile disease. Am J Gastroenterol 101:812–822. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00465.x
McSweeney PLH, Walsh EM, Fox PF et al (1994) A procedure for the manufacture of cheddar cheese under controlled bacteriological conditions and the effect of adjunct Lactobacilli on cheese quality. Irish J Agric Food Res 33:183–192
Mitropoulou G, Nedovic V, Goyal A, Kourkoutas Y (2013) Immobilization technologies in probiotic food production. J Nutr Metab 2013:716861. doi:10.1155/2013/716861
Navetal H, Remsey C, Demigne C, Ascher F (1987) Supplemented whey for treating chalky diarrhoea of calves. Dairy Sci Abstr 49:3707
Novik G, Sidarenka A, Kiseleva G et al (2014) Probiotics. In: Brar S, Dhillon GS, Fernandes M (eds) Biotransformation waste biomass into high value biochem. XV. Springer Science & Business Media, New York, NY, pp 187–235
Nunes RV, Scherer C, Pozza PC et al (2012) Use of probiotics to replace antibiotics for broilers. Rev Bras Zootec 41:2219–2224. doi:10.1590/S1516-35982012001000012
Nutraceuticals world (2013) Global Probiotics Market Expected to Reach $44.9 Billion by 2018. http://www.nutraceuticalsworld.com/contents/view_breaking-news/2013-01-11/global-probiotics-market-expected-to-reach-449-billion-by-2018/
O’Riordan K, Fitzgerald GF (1998) Evaluation of bifidobacteria for the production of antimicrobial compounds and assessment of performance in cottage cheese at refrigeration temperature. J Appl Microbiol 85:103–114
Özer BH, Kirmaci HA (2010) Functional milks and dairy beverages. Int J Dairy Technol 63:1–15. doi:10.1111/j.1471-0307.2009.00547.x
Ozer D, Akin S, Ozer B (2005) Effect of inulin and lactulose on survival of Lactobacillus Acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium Bifidum BB-02 in Acidophilus-Bifidus Yoghurt. Food Sci Technol Int 11:19–24. doi:10.1177/1082013205051275
Parvez S, Malik KA, Ah Kang S, Kim H-Y (2006) Probiotics and their fermented food products are beneficial for health. J Appl Microbiol 100:1171–1185. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02963.x
Perrig D, Boiero ML, Masciarelli OA et al (2007) Plant-growth-promoting compounds produced by two agronomically important strains of Azospirillum brasilense, and implications for inoculant formulation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 75:1143–1150. doi:10.1007/s00253-007-0909-9
Picot A, Lacroix C (2004) Encapsulation of bifidobacteria in whey protein-based microcapsules and survival in simulated gastrointestinal conditions and in yoghurt. Int Dairy J 14:505–515. doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2003.10.008
PVS Laboratories Limited Aqua Culture Products: P-Lact Plus. http://www.pvslabs.com/Shrimp.aspx#2. Accessed 8 Jan 2015
Qi Z, Zhang X-H, Boon N, Bossier P (2009) Probiotics in aquaculture of China—current state, problems and prospect. Aquaculture 290:15–21. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.02.012
Reid G, Howard J, Gan BS (2001) Can bacterial interference prevent infection? Trends Microbiol 9:424–428
Rokka S, Rantamäki P (2010) Protecting probiotic bacteria by microencapsulation: challenges for industrial applications. Eur Food Res Technol 231:1–12. doi:10.1007/s00217-010-1246-2
Ross RP, Fitzgerald G, Collins K, Stanton C (2002) Cheese delivering biocultures—probiotic cheese—Search. Aust J Dairy Technol 57:71–78
Roy D, Mainville I, F M (1997) Bifidobacteria and their role in yogurt-related products. Microecol Ther 26:167–180
Saarela M, Alakomi H-L, Mättö J et al (2011) Acid tolerant mutants of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis with improved stability in fruit juice. LWT Food Sci Technol 44:1012–1018. doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2010.11.004
Saleem M, Arshad M, Hussain S, Bhatti AS (2007) Perspective of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) containing ACC deaminase in stress agriculture. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 34:635–648. doi:10.1007/s10295-007-0240-6
Salminen MK, Tynkkynen S, Rautelin H et al (2002) Lactobacillus bacteremia during a rapid increase in probiotic use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in Finland. Clin Infect Dis 35:1155–1160. doi:10.1086/342912
Salminen S, Wright A Von, Morelli L et al (1998) Demonstration of safety of probiotics—a review. 44:93–106
Sanders ME, Klaenhammer TR (2001) Invited review: the scientific basis of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM functionality as a probiotic. J Dairy Sci 84:319–331. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74481-5
Sazawal S, Hiremath G, Dhingra U et al (2006) Effi cacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhoea: a meta-analysis of masked, randomised, placebo-controlled. 6
Seenivasan C, Radhakrishnan S, Shanthi R et al (2014) Effect of Lactobacillus sporogenes on survival, growth, biochemical constituents and energy utilization of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae. J Basic Appl Zool 67:19–24. doi:10.1016/j.jobaz.2013.12.002
Sekhon BS (2010) Food nanotechnology—an overview. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 3:1–15
Seo JK, Kim SW, Kim MH et al (2010) Direct-fed microbials for ruminant animals. Asian-Australasian J Anim Sci 23:1657–1667. doi:10.5713/ajas.2010.r.08
Shah NP, Lankaputhra WEV, Britz ML, Kyle WSA (1995) Survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum in commercial yoghurt during refrigerated storage. Int Dairy J 5:515–521. doi:10.1016/0958-6946(95)00028-2
Sheng X-F, Xia J-J, Jiang C-Y et al (2008) Characterization of heavy metal-resistant endophytic bacteria from rape (Brassica napus) roots and their potential in promoting the growth and lead accumulation of rape. Environ Pollut 156:1164–1170. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.04.007
Shilovskya TE (1983) No Title. Diary Sci Abstr 45:3644
Singh K, Kallali B, Kumar A, Thaker V (2011) Probiotics: a review. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed S287–S290
Snydman DR (2008) The safety of probiotics. Clin Infect Dis 46(Suppl 2):S104–11; discussion S144–51. doi:10.1086/523331
Soccol CR, Porto L, Vandenberghe DS et al (2013) The potential of probiotics: a review. 48:413–434
Song D, Ibrahim S, Hayek S (2012) Recent application of probiotics in food and agricultural science. 3–36
Sukahan feed additive SUKAFEED-B.Sub. http://weifangsukahan.en.china.cn/selling-leads/detail,1136598945,feed-additive-SUKAFEEDBSub.html. Accessed 8 Jan 2015
Surono I, Hosono A (2011) Fermentation milks: types and standards of identity. In: Fuquay JW, Fox PF, McSweeney PLH (eds) Encycl Dairy Sci, 2nd edn. Academic Press, p 4170
Szajewska H, Urbańska M, Chmielewska a et al (2014) Meta-analysis: Lactobacillus reuteri strain DSM 17938 (and the original strain ATCC 55730) for treating acute gastroenteritis in children. Benef Microbes 5:285–293. doi:10.3920/BM2013.0056
Tareb R, Bernardeau M, Gueguen M, Vernoux J-P (2013) In vitro characterization of aggregation and adhesion properties of viable and heat-killed forms of two probiotic Lactobacillus strains and interaction with foodborne zoonotic bacteria, especially Campylobacter jejuni. J Med Microbiol 62:637–649. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.049965-0
TrendMonitor (2013) Product spotlight: inner eco coconut water probiotic kefir. http://trndmonitor.com/product-spotlight-inner-eco-coconut-water-probiotic-kefir/. Accessed 8 Jan 2015
UC Davis (2014) Probiotic decreases the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis. http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/publish/news/newsroom/9336. Accessed 8 Jan 2015
Vasiljevic T, Shah NP (2008) Probiotics—from metchnikoff to bioactives. Int Dairy J 18:714–728. doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2008.03.004
Vedamuthu ER (2006) Other Fermented and culture-containing Milks, First. Manuf Yogurt Fermented Milks 295–308. doi:10.1002/9780470277812
Vidhyalakshmi R, Bhakyaraj R, Subhasree RS (2009) Encapsulation “the future of probiotics”—a review. Adv Biol Res (Rennes) 3:96–103
Vine NG, Leukes WD, Kaiser H (2004) In vitro growth characteristics of five candidate aquaculture probiotics and two fish pathogens grown in fish intestinal mucus. FEMS Microbiol Lett 231:145–152. doi:10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00954-6
Wegmans Inner-eco Kefir, Probiotic, Dairy-Free, Original-Wegmans. http://www.wegmans.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?productId=771625&storeId=10052&langId=-1. Accessed 08 Jan 2015
Wong S, Jamous A, O’Driscoll J et al (2014) A Lactobacillus casei Shirota probiotic drink reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in patients with spinal cord injuries: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 111:672–678. doi:10.1017/S0007114513002973
Yakult Yakult Probiotic milk. http://yakultusa.com/#products. Accessed 13 Mar 2015
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dalli, S.S., Uprety, B.K., Rakshit, S.K. (2017). Industrial Production of Active Probiotics for Food Enrichment. In: Roos, Y., Livney, Y. (eds) Engineering Foods for Bioactives Stability and Delivery. Food Engineering Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6595-3_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6595-3_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-6593-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-6595-3
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)