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Diversity in Neoplasms

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Frontiers in Cancer Research

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Abstract

The evolutionary forces of mutation and natural selection that are central to cancer development generate heterogeneity within the population of somatic cells that make up a neoplasm. This intra-tumoral heterogeneity can be measured through a variety of means, including cytogenetic analyses to examine chromosomal duplications, losses, and rearrangements; genetic mutations; and epigenetic changes. Studies have established that measures of heterogeneity can have prognostic significance. While heterogeneity is an important property of tumor progression and therapeutic resistance, basic questions about the level of intra-tumoral heterogeneity, the mechanism by which it is established, the dynamics of heterogeneity over time, the optimal method for its measurement, and how these heterogeneity measurements and indices can best be used as universal biomarkers to improve patient care remain unresolved.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Ave., Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA

    Lauren M. F. Merlo

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  1. Lauren M. F. Merlo
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Correspondence to Lauren M. F. Merlo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA

    Carlo C. Maley

  2. Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom

    Mel Greaves

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Merlo, L.M.F. (2016). Diversity in Neoplasms. In: Maley, C., Greaves, M. (eds) Frontiers in Cancer Research. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6460-4_4

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