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Neonatal Brain Injury

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Common Neurosurgical Conditions in the Pediatric Practice

Abstract

In this chapter we describe how injury and development interact in neonates. Since infants born prematurely have unique patterns of brain injury, we have divided the chapter into injuries that are common to both term and pre-term and those that are specific to preterm infants. We first describe the abnormalities that can occur in term and pre-term infants, including hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and neonatal stroke. We then discuss the neurological injuries affecting the pre-terms: intraventricular hemorrhages and periventricular leukomalacia. Given, prematurity itself is a big risk factor that can result in long term deficits in the premies even in absence of hemorrhagic or white matter injury, we also dedicate a separate section discussing the burden of being born prematurely on brain development. The goal of this chapter is to inform the readers about the major types of brain injuries that occur in the neonatal period and their clinical presentations, proper diagnosis, and management to optimize long-term outcomes.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Motor Recovery Laboratory, Burke Medical Research Institute, 785 Mamaroneck Avenue, White Plains, NY, 10605, USA

    Anil Sindhurakar Ph.D.

  2. Motor Recovery Laboratory, Mind and Brain Institute, Neurology, and Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Burke Medical Research Institute, 785 Mamaroneck Avenue, White Plains, NY, 10605, USA

    Jason B. Carmel M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Anil Sindhurakar Ph.D.
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  2. Jason B. Carmel M.D., Ph.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jason B. Carmel M.D., Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Associate Professor of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA

    Jeffrey P. Greenfield

  2. Manhattan Pediatrics, New York, New York, USA

    Caroline B. Long

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Sindhurakar, A., Carmel, J.B. (2017). Neonatal Brain Injury. In: Greenfield, J., Long, C. (eds) Common Neurosurgical Conditions in the Pediatric Practice. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3807-0_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3807-0_5

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-3805-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-3807-0

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