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MicroRNA Expression in Amniotic Fluid Cells

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Fetal Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 19–22 nucleotide non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the expression of protein-coding genes post-transcriptionally. It has been suggested that the majority of protein coding genes are regulated by miRNAs, thus they play important roles in the regulation of cell fate, cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. MiRNAs typically act intracellularly on messenger RNA, but they can be transported between cells via a number of mechanisms including microvesicles, exosomes and in a direct cell contact manner, through gap junctions. This chapter explores the roles of miRNAs in human amniotic fluid cells. We discuss the identification of the cellular origin of miRNAs in amniotic fluid and their potential use as diagnostic biomarkers to identify and monitor developmental, physiological and pathological conditions. Also, the role of miRNAs during reprogramming of amniotic fluid cells through induced pluripotency and early differentiation is presented. Finally, it is shown that amniotic fluid cells can be transfected to stably express and process exogenous miRNAs, followed by a summary on the potential of these cells to study the role of miRNAs in differentiation and drug testing and to deliver miRNAs to target cells.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Translational Bioscience, Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, Bldg. M54, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1A 0R6

    Maria Ribecco-Lutkiewicz Ph.D., Dao Ly B.Sc., Caroline Sodja M.Sc., Julie Haukenfrers B.Sc., Brandon Smith B.Sc., M.Sc., Qing Yan Liu Ph.D. & Marianna Sikorska Ph.D.

  2. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Mahmud Bani-Yaghoub Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Maria Ribecco-Lutkiewicz Ph.D.
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  2. Dao Ly B.Sc.
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  3. Caroline Sodja M.Sc.
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  4. Julie Haukenfrers B.Sc.
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  5. Brandon Smith B.Sc., M.Sc.
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  6. Qing Yan Liu Ph.D.
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  7. Marianna Sikorska Ph.D.
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  8. Mahmud Bani-Yaghoub Ph.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mahmud Bani-Yaghoub Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Childrens Hosp Boston & Harvard Med, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Dario O. Fauza

  2. Department of Cellular and Molecular Med, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicin, OTTAWA, Ontario, Canada

    Mahmud Bani

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Ribecco-Lutkiewicz, M. et al. (2016). MicroRNA Expression in Amniotic Fluid Cells. In: Fauza, D., Bani, M. (eds) Fetal Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3483-6_11

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