Abstract
Certain epithelia secrete HCO3 − to buffer luminal fluids and protect cells against acids. Dysregulation of HCO3 − secretion can lead to conditions such as malabsorption, acid/base disturbances, cystic fibrosis, biliary cirrhosis and peptic and duodenal ulcers. In addition to transport of HCO3 − across the epithelium, epithelial cells also need to maintain intracellular pH, despite significant HCO3 − extrusion and sometimes even despite exposure to external acid. In this chapter, we will introduce the main plasma membrane acid/base transporters and describe their role in general cellular homeostasis. The same transporters are also used in building the molecular machinery for vectorial HCO3 − transport, i.e. bicarbonate secretion. We will highlight HCO3 −-secreting epithelia by examples from the digestive system (pancreas, salivary glands, hepatobiliary system and duodenum), the renal collecting duct type-B intercalated cell, and the choroid plexus epithelium of the brain. We seek an integrative approach to understand the HCO3 − secretion processes by combining historical perspectives with molecular and genetic studies as well as studies of selected regulatory systems.
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Acknowledgements
Research projects founding basis for this chapter were supported by the Danish Council for Independent Research |Natural Sciences, the Danish Council for Independent Research |Medical Sciences, the Lundbeck Foundation, the Novo Nordisk Foundation and the Carlsberg Foundation.
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© 2016 American Physiological Society
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Novak, I., Praetorius, J. (2016). Fundamentals of Bicarbonate Secretion in Epithelia. In: Hamilton, K., Devor, D. (eds) Ion Channels and Transporters of Epithelia in Health and Disease. Physiology in Health and Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3366-2_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3366-2_5
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