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Pediatric Renal Neoplasms

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The Kidney

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Abstract

This chapter reviews the most common causes of renal masses, both benign and malignant, in the pediatric population. Renal masses are usually incidental and may be found during routine physical examination. Pediatric renal neoplasms are rare, lack specific symptomatology, and may confer challenges during clinical and histopathological diagnosis. The management of renal masses relies on the final pathologic diagnosis, which can lead to different courses of treatment. Radiology and clinical history guide the diagnosis, determine correct preoperative approach, and can help exclude nonneoplastic pseudotumor-like masses. The distinction between nonneoplastic lesions and benign or malignant neoplasia is crucial for correct approach and patient care. Wilms tumor is the most common malignant renal neoplasm of the pediatric kidney, accounting for 92 % of kidney tumors diagnosed in children under 5 years of age. Numerous benign and malignant neoplasms can mimic this tumor and affect the course of treatment. This chapter provides a multidisciplinary compendium for clinicians and pathologists to confidentially evaluate, diagnose, and treat the vast spectrum of pediatric renal masses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Urology, Rady Children’s Hospital, University of California at San Diego, 3020 Children’s Way, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA

    Michael Yap M.D. & George Chiang M.D.

  2. Department of Pathology, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Mariah Zampieri Leivo M.D. & Donna E. Hansel M.D., Ph.D.

  3. Department of Pathology, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Denise M. Malicki M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Michael Yap M.D.
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  2. Mariah Zampieri Leivo M.D.
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  3. Denise M. Malicki M.D., Ph.D.
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  4. Donna E. Hansel M.D., Ph.D.
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  5. George Chiang M.D.
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Correspondence to George Chiang M.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, University of California at San Diego Department of Pathology, San Diego, California, USA

    Donna E. Hansel

  2. Department of Urology, University of California at San Diego Department of Urology, San Diego, California, USA

    Christopher J. Kane

  3. Department of Pathology and Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Gladell P. Paner

  4. Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Urologic Surgery, Nashville, Tennessee, USA

    Sam S. Chang

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Yap, M., Leivo, M.Z., Malicki, D.M., Hansel, D.E., Chiang, G. (2016). Pediatric Renal Neoplasms. In: Hansel, D., Kane, C., Paner, G., Chang, S. (eds) The Kidney. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3286-3_11

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