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Methods in Bilingual Reading Comprehension Research pp 313–352Cite as

MRI Methods in Bilingual Reading Comprehension

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Part of the book series: The Bilingual Mind and Brain Book Series ((BMBBS,volume 1))

Abstract

This chapter reviews developments in bilingual reading comprehension from anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), functional connectivity analysis, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Networks involved in orthographic, semantic, and syntactic levels of processing are discussed, considering language-specific processing requirements and the role of age of acquisition and proficiency. Reading in the first (L1) and second language (L2) is subserved by largely overlapping networks, with additional recruitment for language-specific aspects of processing. Semantic access is largely shared, while syntactic processing in particular is affected by individual differences in language acquisition. L2 acquisition builds on the existing L1 system and, as L2 proficiency improves, processing becomes more native-like, substantiating the convergence hypothesis. Increased activity in a cognitive control network during effortful L2 reading provides support for an anatomically and functionally distinct task system during comprehension, as predicted by the Bilingual Interactive Activation Plus Model (BIA+). Converging evidence from fMRI and other techniques is considered to illustrate the power of combining methodologies.

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Acknowledgement

The author would like to thank Christopher Hwozdek for helping to adapt figures and Charlie Giattino, Charlotte Blackburn, and the editors for their helpful comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. BSE 2.206, Department of Biology, Main Campus BSE 1.600, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249-1644, USA

    Angélique M. Blackburn Ph.D.

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  1. Angélique M. Blackburn Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Angélique M. Blackburn Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Texas A&M International University, Dept. of Psychology and Communication, Laredo, Texas, USA

    Roberto R. Heredia

  2. University at Albany, State University of New York, Department of Psychology, Albany, New York, USA

    Jeanette Altarriba

  3. Texas A&M International University, Dept. of Psychology and Communication, Laredo, Texas, USA

    Anna B. Cieślicka

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Blackburn, A.M. (2016). MRI Methods in Bilingual Reading Comprehension. In: Heredia, R., Altarriba, J., Cieślicka, A. (eds) Methods in Bilingual Reading Comprehension Research. The Bilingual Mind and Brain Book Series, vol 1. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2993-1_12

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