Abstract
Drug abuse is in epidemic proportions throughout the United States, with an estimated total economic cost of nearly 100 billion dollars: The illegal use of opiates, i.e., heroin and prescription drugs, is on the rise in the United States. In recent years, opiate-induced deaths have increased in particular because of more potent drugs and accessibility. Emergency rooms have reported an increase of 35 % in opiate-related morbidities and mortalities compared to 1995. The continuing rise in abuse of opiates has placed greater emphasis on treatment modalities.
Keywords
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- AAOD:
-
Anesthesia-assisted opiate detoxification
- CES:
-
Cranial electrostimulation
- DEA:
-
Drug enforcement agency
- HBV:
-
Hepatitis B
- HCV:
-
Hepatitis C
- HIV:
-
Human immunodeficiency virus
- NSAIDs:
-
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- UROD:
-
Ultra rapid opiate detoxification
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Gevirtz, C., Kaye, A.D. (2015). Detoxification from Opiates and Benzodiazepines. In: Sackheim, K. (eds) Pain Management and Palliative Care. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2462-2_8
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