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Pain Management in Patients with Renal Impairment

  • Chapter
Pain Management and Palliative Care

Abstract

Patients with chronic kidney disease must be given extra consideration when prescribing medications for symptom control as many medications are excreted through the renal system. Renal function, or glomerular filtration rate, should be estimated by calculating creatinine clearance using the Cockcroft–Gault equation. Patients with CKD are often excluded from trials, and for many medications specific studies regarding dosing and metabolism in this population are lacking. Therefore, it is important to note recommendations, use caution when starting medications, and follow patients closely.

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Abbreviations

ADH:

Antidiuretic hormone

CHF:

Congestive heart failure

C max :

Concentration max/peak concentration

CNS:

Central nervous system

CrCl:

Creatinine clearance

CSF:

Cerebral spinal fluid

ESRD:

End stage renal disease

GFR:

Glomerular filtration rate

HD:

Hemodialysis

IBW:

Ideal body weight

M6G:

Morphine-6-glucuronide

NSAID:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

PD:

Peritoneal dialysis

SIADH:

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

SNRI:

Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors

SSRIs:

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

t 1/2 :

Half-life

TCA:

Tricyclic antidepressants

Vd:

Volume of distribution

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Correspondence to Holly M. Koncicki M.D., M.S. .

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Koncicki, H.M. (2015). Pain Management in Patients with Renal Impairment. In: Sackheim, K. (eds) Pain Management and Palliative Care. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2462-2_30

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