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Plasticity of Chromatin Organization in the Plant Interphase Nucleus

Three-Dimensional Organization of the Interphase Nucleus

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Nuclear Functions in Plant Transcription, Signaling and Development

Abstract

Genomes are organized as chromatin into complex 3D structures in interphase nuclei, and the relation of these structures to gene function is the subject of much current debate and research. In this chapter, we describe key landmarks that have led to our present understanding of interphase nuclear architecture, with particular emphasis on model and crop plants, such as wheat, rice and Arabidopsis. We discuss the significance of the plasticity of interphase chromosome organization in relation to transcriptional state, epigenetic regulation and environmental influences. We describe our current understanding of in vivo chromatin dynamics down to molecular resolution. Finally, we consider the prospects for using an understanding of chromatin organization and behaviour to improve plant performance in challenging environmental conditions.

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Abbreviations

3D:

Three dimensional

3C:

Chromosome conformation capture

5-AC:

5-azacytidine

BAC:

Bacterial artificial chromosome

CTs:

Chromosome territories

BiFC:

Bimolecular fluorescence complementation

BrUTP:

Bromouridine triphosphate

FISH:

Fluorescence in situ hybridization

GFP:

Green fluorescent protein

GISH:

Genomic in situ hybridization

HPT:

Hygromycin phosphotransferase

ISH:

In situ hybridization

lacO :

Lactose operator

NGS:

Next generation sequencing

NOR:

Nucleolus organizing region

SCD:

“Spherical 1-Mb chromatin domain” model

tetO :

Tetracycline operator

TSA:

Trichostatin A

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Acknowledgments

APS is supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, through grants BPD/74197/2010 and BIA-BCM/111645/2009. RA is supported by FCT, Portugal, through grants PEst-OE/EQB/LA0004/2013 and PTDC/BIA-PLA/2411/2012. PS was supported by BB/J004588/1 from BBSRC and the John Innes Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Genomics of Plant Stress Unit, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780–157, Oeiras, Portugal

    Ana Paula Santos & Margarida Oliveira

  2. Plant Cell Biology laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780–157, Oeiras, Portugal

    Rita Abranches

  3. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, NR4 7UH, Norwich, UK

    Peter Shaw

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  1. Ana Paula Santos
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  2. Rita Abranches
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  3. Margarida Oliveira
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  4. Peter Shaw
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ana Paula Santos .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology (PSC), Shanghai, China

    Olga Pontes

  2. Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA

    Hailing Jin

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Santos, A., Abranches, R., Oliveira, M., Shaw, P. (2015). Plasticity of Chromatin Organization in the Plant Interphase Nucleus. In: Pontes, O., Jin, H. (eds) Nuclear Functions in Plant Transcription, Signaling and Development. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2386-1_4

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