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An Introduction to Neuroscientific Methods: Single-cell Recordings

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Book cover An Introduction to Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience

Abstract

This chapter describes the role of single-cell recordings in understanding the mechanisms underlying human cognition. Cognition is a function of the brain, a complex computational network, whose most elementary nodes are made up out of individual neurons. These neurons encode information and influence each other through a dynamically changing pattern of action potentials. For this reason, the activity of neurons in the awake, behaving brain constitutes the most fundamental form of neural data for cognitive neuroscience. This chapter discusses a number of technical issues and challenges of single-cell neurophysiology using a recent project of the authors as an example. We discuss issues such as the choice of an appropriate animal model, the role of psychophysics, technical challenges surrounding the simultaneous recording of multiple neurons, and various methods for perturbation experiments. The chapter closes with a consideration of the challenge that the brain’s complexity poses for fully understanding any realistic nervous circuit, and of the importance of conceptual insights and mathematical models in the interpretation of single-cell recordings.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to K. Nielsen, D. Sasikumar and E. Emeric for comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Eye Institute through grant R01-EY019039 to VS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, 338 Krieger Hall, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Veit Stuphorn & Xiaomo Chen

  2. Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Veit Stuphorn

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  1. Veit Stuphorn
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  2. Xiaomo Chen
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Correspondence to Veit Stuphorn .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cognitive Science Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Birte U. Forstmann

  2. Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Eric-Jan Wagenmakers

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Stuphorn, V., Chen, X. (2015). An Introduction to Neuroscientific Methods: Single-cell Recordings. In: Forstmann, B., Wagenmakers, EJ. (eds) An Introduction to Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2236-9_6

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