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Medical Management of Radiation Effects on the Intestines

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Radiation Therapy for Pelvic Malignancy and its Consequences

Abstract

Despite advances in the delivery of pelvic radiotherapy, radiation-related injuries of the small and large intestines remain one of the most prominent acute and chronic toxicities of treatment. Management of acute toxicity is mainly symptomatic. Options for chronic radiation enteropathy include low-residue diet, nutritional supplementation, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, and total parenteral nutrition. Chronic radiation proctopathy can be managed using either nonendoscopic methods including sucralfate enemas, oral vitamin A and HBO therapy, and/or endoscopic methods for rectal bleeding, including bipolar electrocautery, heater probe, and argon plasma coagulation. Several preventive options are available, including amifostine, a scavenger of radiation-induced free radicals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Deepak Parakkal MD

  2. NorthShore University HealthSystem Gastroenterology Division Center for the Study of Complex Diseases, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, USA

    Eli D. Ehrenpreis MD

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  1. Deepak Parakkal MD
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Correspondence to Eli D. Ehrenpreis MD .

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  1. University of Chicago Medical School, NorthShore University Health System, Highland Park, Illinois, USA

    Eli Daniel Ehrenpreis

  2. University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, NorthShore University Health System, Highland Park, Illinois, USA

    R de W Marsh

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    William Small Jr.

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Parakkal, D., Ehrenpreis, E. (2015). Medical Management of Radiation Effects on the Intestines. In: Ehrenpreis, E., Marsh, R., Small Jr., W. (eds) Radiation Therapy for Pelvic Malignancy and its Consequences. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2217-8_15

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