Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Management of Radiation Cystitis

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Radiation Therapy for Pelvic Malignancy and its Consequences

  • 1055 Accesses

Abstract

Radiation cystitis can present early or months to years (late) after receiving pelvic radiation. While early radiation cystitis is usually self-limited, late radiation cystitis can be more challenging to manage and lead to greater patient morbidity. This chapter aims to discuss the diagnosis, pathophysiology, intravesical therapies, and systemic treatments for radiation-induced cystitis. Furthermore, detailed descriptions are provided for endoscopic and percutaneous management options, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and cystectomy and urinary diversion for refractory cases of hemorrhagic radiation cystitis. Finally, novel treatment strategies and future research areas will be discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. 1. Delaney G, Jacob S, Barton M. Estimation of an optimal radiotherapy utilization rate for gynecologic carcinoma: part II–carcinoma of the endometrium. Cancer. 2004;101(4):682–92.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Delaney G, Jacob S, Barton M. Estimation of an optimal radiotherapy utilization rate for gynecologic carcinoma: part I–malignancies of the cervix, ovary, vagina and vulva. Cancer. 2004;101(4):671–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Heidenreich A, Aus G, Bolla M, Joniau S, Matveev VB, Schmid HP, et al. EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2008;53(1):68–80.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Referenced with permission from The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines(r)) for Guideline Testis Cancer V.1.2013. (c) National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc 2012. All rights reserved. To view the most recent and complete version of the guideline, go online to www.nccn.org. NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE CANCER NETWORK(r), NCCN(r), NCCN GUIDELINES(r), and all other NCCN Content are trademarks owned by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. Accessed 15 Jan 2013.

  5. Referenced with permission from The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines(r)) for Guideline Prostate Cancer V.1.2013. (c) National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc 2012. All rights reserved. To view the most recent and complete version of the guideline, go online to www.nccn.org. NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE CANCER NETWORK(r), NCCN(r), NCCN GUIDELINES(r), and all other NCCN Content are trademarks owned by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. Accessed 15 Jan 2013.

  6. Referenced with permission from The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines(r)) for Guideline Bladder Cancer V.1.2013. (c) National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc 2012. All rights reserved. To view the most recent and complete version of the guideline, go online to www.nccn.org. NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE CANCER NETWORK(r), NCCN(r), NCCN GUIDELINES(r), and all other NCCN Content are trademarks owned by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. Accessed 15 Jan 2013.

  7. Willett CG. Sphincter preservation in rectal cancer. Local excision followed by postoperative radiation therapy. Semin Radiat Oncol. 1998;8(1):24–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Swedish Rectal Cancer Trial. Improved survival with preoperative radiotherapy in resectable rectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 1997;336(14):980–7.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Sharma R, Vallis K, McKenna W. Basics of radiation therapy. In: Abeloff MD, Armitage J, Neiderhuber JE, Kastan MB, editors. Abeloffʼs Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, London, UK; 2008. (Chapter 29).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Russell NS, Bartelink H. Radiotherapy: the last 25 years. Cancer Treat Rev. 1999;25(6):365–76.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. deVries CR, Freiha FS. Hemorrhagic cystitis: a review. J Urol. 1990;143(1):1–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Eifel PJ, Levenback C, Wharton JT, Oswald MJ. Time course and incidence of late complications in patients treated with radiation therapy for FIGO stage IB carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995;32(5):1289–300.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 2012;62(1):10–29.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Brenner DJ, Ward JF. Constraints on energy deposition and target size of multiply damaged sites associated with DNA double-strand breaks. Int J Radiat Biol. 1992;61(6):737–48.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Jonah CD. A short history of the radiation chemistry of water. Radiat Res. 1995;144(2):141–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Marks LB, Carroll PR, Dugan TC, Anscher MS. The response of the urinary bladder, urethra, and ureter to radiation and chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995;31(5):1257–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Denton AS, Clarke NW, Maher EJ. Non-surgical interventions for late radiation cystitis in patients who have received radical radiotherapy to the pelvis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(3):CD001773.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Stewart FA. Mechanism of bladder damage and repair after treatment with radiation and cytostatic drugs. Br J Cancer Suppl. 1986;7:280–91.

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Smit SG, Heyns CF. Management of radiation cystitis. Nat Rev Urol. 2010;7(4):206–14.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Cox JD, Stetz J, Pajak TF. Toxicity criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995;31(5):1341–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Pavy JJ, Denekamp J, Letschert J, Littbrand B, Mornex F, Bernier J, et al. EORTC late effects working group. Late effects toxicity scoring: the SOMA scale. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995;31(5):1043–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Levenback C, Eifel PJ, Burke TW, Morris M, Gershenson DM. Hemorrhagic cystitis following radiotherapy for stage Ib cancer of the cervix. Gynecol Oncol. 1994;55(2):206–10.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Uyama T, Nakamura S, Moriwaki S. Radiation-induced bladder carcinoma. Urology. 1981;18(4):355–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Kleinerman RA, Curtis RE, Boice JD Jr, Flannery JT, Fraumeni JF Jr. Second cancers following radiotherapy for cervical cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1982;69(5):1027–33.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Kaplan J, Loftus L. Bladder cancer after pelvic irradiation for cervical cancer. South Med J. 1985;78(9):1068–70.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. George P. Haemorrhagic cystitis and cyclophosphamide. The Lancet. 1963;2(7314):942.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Shepherd JD, Pringle LE, Barnett MJ, Klingemann HG, Reece DE, Phillips GL. Mesna versus hyperhydration for the prevention of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in bone marrow transplantation. J Clin Oncol. 1991;9(11):2016–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Choong SKS, Walkden M, Kirby R. The management of intractable haematuria. BJU Int. 2000;86(9):951–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Ostroff EB, Chenault OW Jr. Alum irrigation for the control of massive bladder hemorrhage. J Urol. 1982;128(5):929–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Goel AK, Rao MS, Bhagwat AG, Vaidyanathan S, Goswami AK, Sen TK. Intravesical irrigation with alum for the control of massive bladder hemorrhage. J Urol. 1985;133(6):956–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Kennedy C, Snell ME, Witherow RO. Use of alum to control intractable vesical haemorrhage. Br J Urol. 1984;56(6):673–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Arrizabalaga M, Extramiana J, Parra JL, Ramos C, Díaz GR, Leiva O. Treatment of massive haematuria with aluminous salts. Br J Urol. 1987;60(3):223–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Wills MR, Savory J. Aluminium poisoning: dialysis encephalopathy, osteomalacia, and anaemia. The Lancet. 1983;2(8340):29–34.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Kavoussi LR, Gelstein LD, Andriole GL. Encephalopathy and an elevated serum aluminum level in a patient receiving intravesical alum irrigation for severe urinary hemorrhage. J Urol. 1986;136(3):665–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Shah BC, Albert DJ. Intravesical instillation of formalin for the management of intractable hematuria. J Urol. 1973;110(5):519–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. McGuire EJ, Weiss RM, Schiff M Jr, Lytton B. Hemorrhagic radiation cystitis. Treatment. Urology. 1974;3(2):204–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Bergreen PW, Ayala AG, Johnson DE. Effect of topical formaldehyde on canine bladder. Urology. 1976;7(3):279–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Brown RB. A method of management of inoperable carcinoma of the bladder. Med J Aust. 1969;1(1):23–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Kumar S, Rosen P, Grabstald H. Intravesical formalin for the control of intractable bladder hemorrhage secondary to cystitis or cancer. J Urol. 1975;114(4):540–3.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Fair WR. Formalin in the treatment of massive bladder hemorrhage. Techniques, results, and complications. Urology. 1974;3(5):573–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Firlit CF. Intractable hemorrhagic cystitis secondary to extensive carcinomatosis: management with formalin solution. J Urol. 1973;110(1):57–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Barakat HA, Javadpour N, Bush IM. Management of massive intractable hematuria. A simple method. Urology. 1973;1(4):351–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Dewan AK, Mohan GM, Ravi R. Intravesical formalin for hemorrhagic cystitis following irradiation of cancer of the cervix. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1993;42(2):131–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Lowe BA, Stamey TA. Endoscopic topical placement of formalin soaked pledgets to control localized hemorrhage due to radiation cystitis. J Urol. 1997;158(2):528–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Lojanapiwat B, Sripralakrit S, Soonthornphan S, Wudhikarn S. Intravesicle formalin instillation with a modified technique for controlling haemorrhage secondary to radiation cystitis. Asian J Surg. 2002;25(3):232–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Mermet I, Pottier N, Sainthillier JM, Malugani C, Cairey-Remonnay S, Maddens S, et al. Use of amniotic membrane transplantation in the treatment of venous leg ulcers. Wound Repair Regen. 2007;15(4):459–64.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Mićić S, Genbacev O. Post-irradiation cystitis improved by instillation of early placental extract in saline. Eur Urol. 1988;14(4):291–3.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Lakhani A, Raptis A, Frame D, Simpson D, Berkahn L, Mellon-Reppen S, et al. Intravesicular instillation of E-aminocaproic acid for patients with adenovirus-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1999;24(11):1259–60.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Singh I, Laungani GB. Intravesical epsilon aminocaproic acid in management of intractable bladder hemorrhage. Urology. 1992;40(3):227–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Parsons CL. The therapeutic role of sulfated polysaccharides in the urinary bladder. Urol Clin North Am. 1994;21(1):93–100.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Shao Y, Lu G, Shen Z. Comparison of intravesical hyaluronic acid instillation and hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. BJU Int. 2012;109(5):691–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Hanif J, Tasca RA, Frosh A, Ghufoor K, Stirling R. Silver nitrate: histological effects of cautery on epithelial surfaces with varying contact times. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 2003;28(4):368–70.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Raghavaiah NV, Soloway MS. Anuria following silver nitrate irrigation for intractable bladder hemorrhage. J Urol. 1977;118(4):681–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Jerkins GR, Noe HN, Hill DE. An unusual complication of silver nitrate treatment of hemorrhagic cystitis: case report. J Urol. 1986;136(2):456–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Miura M, Sasagawa I, Kubota Y, Iijima Y, Sawamura T, Nakada T. Effective hyperbaric oxygenation with prostaglandin E1 for radiation cystitis and colitis after pelvic radiotherapy. Int Urol Nephrol. 1996;28(5):643–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Hemal AK, Vaidyanathan S, Sankaranarayanan A, Ayyagari S, Sharma PL. Control of massive vesical hemorrhage due to radiation cystitis with intravesical instillation of 15 (s) 15-methyl prostaglandin F2-alpha. Int J Clin. Pharmacol Ther Toxicol. 1988;26(10):477–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Hemal AK, Praveen BV, Sankaranarayanan A, Vaidyanathan S. Control of persistent vesical bleeding due to radiation cystitis by intravesical application of 15 (S) 15-methyl prostaglandin F2-alpha. Indian J Cancer. 1989;26(2):99–101.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Levine LA, Jarrard DF. Treatment of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis with intravesical carboprost tromethamine. J Urol. 1993;149(4):719–23.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Migita K, Eguchi K. FK 506-mediated T-cell apoptosis induction. Transpl Proc. 2001;33(3):2292–3.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Akar Y, Yucel G, Durukan A, Yucel I, Arici G. Systemic toxicity of tacrolimus given by various routes and the response to dose reduction. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2005;33(1):53–9.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Ebert AK, Rösch WH, Vogt T. Safety and tolerability of adjuvant topical tacrolimus treatment in boys with lichen sclerosus: a prospective phase 2 study. Eur Urol. 2008;54(4):932–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Chuang Y-C, Tyagi P, Huang H-Y, Yoshimura N, Wu M, Kaufman J, et al. Intravesical immune suppression by liposomal tacrolimus in cyclophosphamide-induced inflammatory cystitis. Neurourol Urodyn. 2011;30(3):421–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Parsons CL. Successful management of radiation cystitis with sodium pentosanpolysulfate. J Urol. 1986;136(4):813–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Hampson SJ, Woodhouse CR. Sodium pentosanpolysulphate in the management of haemorrhagic cystitis: experience with 14 patients. Eur Urol. 1994;25(1):40–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Sandhu SS, Goldstraw M, Woodhouse CRJ. The management of haemorrhagic cystitis with sodium pentosan polysulphate. BJU Int. 2004;94(6):845–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Liu YK, Harty JI, Steinbock GS, Holt HA Jr, Goldstein DH, Amin M. Treatment of radiation or cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis using conjugated estrogen. J Urol. 1990;144(1):41–3.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Veerasarn V, Khorprasert C, Lorvidhaya V, Sangruchi S, Tantivatana T, Narkwong L, et al. Reduced recurrence of late hemorrhagic radiation cystitis by WF10 therapy in cervical cancer patients: a multicenter, randomized, two-arm, open-label trial. Radiother Oncol. 2004;73(2):179–85.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Veerasarn V, Boonnuch W, Kakanaporn C. A phase II study to evaluate WF10 in patients with late hemorrhagic radiation cystitis and proctitis. Gynecol Oncol. 2006;100(1):179–84.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Dion MW, Hussey DH, Doornbos JF, Vigliotti AP, Wen BC, Anderson B. Preliminary results of a pilot study of pentoxifylline in the treatment of late radiation soft tissue necrosis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1990;19(2):401–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Jull AB, Arroll B, Parag V, Waters J. Pentoxifylline for treating venous leg ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;12:CD001733.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Kaushik D, Teply BA, Hemstreet GP. 3rd. novel treatment strategy for refractory hemorrhagic cystitis following radiation treatment of genitourinary cancer: use of 980-nm diode laser. Lasers Med Sci. 2012;27(5):1099–102.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Wendt-Nordahl G, Huckele S, Honeck P, Alken P, Knoll T, Michel MS, et al. 980-nm diode laser: a novel laser technology for vaporization of the prostate. Eur Urol. 2007;52(6):1723–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Ravi R. Endoscopic neodymium: YAG laser treatment of radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. Lasers Surg Med. 1994;14(1):83–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Zhu J, Xue B, Shan Y, Yang D, Zang Y. Transurethral coagulation for radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis using greenlightTM potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser. Photomed Laser Surg. 2013;31(2):78–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Chuang Y-C, Kim DK, Chiang P-H, Chancellor MB. Bladder botulinum toxin A injection can benefit patients with radiation and chemical cystitis. BJU Int. 2008;102(6):704–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Esco R, Valencia J, Coronel P, Carceller JA, Gimeno M, Bascón N. Efficacy of orgotein in prevention of late side effects of pelvic irradiation: a randomized study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;60(4):1211–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Marberger H, Hubert W, Menander-Huber KB, Bartsch G. Orgotein: a new drug for the treatment of radiation cystitis. Eur J Rheumatol Inflamm. 1981;4(2):244–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Sanchiz F, Millá A, Artola N, Julià JC, Moya LM, Pedro A, et al. Prevention of radioinduced cystitis by orgotein: a randomized study. Anticancer Res. 1996;16(4A):2025–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Sneiders A, Pryor JL. Percutaneous nephrostomy drainage in the treatment of severe hemorrhagic cystitis. J Urol. 1993;150(3):966–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Zagoria RJ, Hodge RG, Dyer RB, Routh WD. Percutaneous nephrostomy for treatment of intractable hemorrhagic cystitis. J Urol. 1993;149(6):1449–51.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. De Berardinis E, Vicini P, Salvatori F, Sciarra A, Gentile V, Di Silverio F. Superselective embolization of bladder arteries in the treatment of intractable bladder haemorrhage. Int J Urol. 2005;12(5):503–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Liguori G, Amodeo A, Mucelli FP, Patel H, Marco D, Belgrano E, et al. Intractable haematuria: long-term results after selective embolization of the internal iliac arteries. BJU Int. 2010;106(4):500–3.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Weiss JP, Boland FP, Mori H, Gallagher M, Brereton H, Preate DL, et al. Treatment of radiation-induced cystitis with hyperbaric oxygen. J Urol. 1985;134(2):352–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Hampson NB, Holm JR, Wreford-Brown CE, Feldmeier J. Prospective assessment of outcomes in 411 patients treated with hyperbaric oxygen for chronic radiation tissue injury. Cancer. 2012;118(15):3860–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Nakada T, Nakada H, Yoshida Y, Nakashima Y, Banya Y, Fujihira T, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for radiation cystitis in patients with prostate cancer: a long-term follow-up study. Urol Int. 2012;89(2):208–14.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Oliai C, Fisher B, Jani A, Wong M, Poli J, Brady LW, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for radiation-induced cystitis and proctitis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;84(3):733–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Yoshida T, Kawashima A, Ujike T, Uemura M, Nishimura K, Miyoshi S. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. Int J Urol. 2008;15(7):639–41.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Vilar DG, Fadrique GG, Martín IJP, Aguado JM, Perelló CG, Argente VG, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the management of hemorrhagic radio-induced cystitis. Arch Esp Urol. 2011;64(9):869–74.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Mohamad Al-AliB, Trummer H, Shamloul R, Zigeuner R, Pummer K. Is treatment of hemorrhagic radiation cystitis with hyperbaric oxygen effective? Urol Int. 2010;84(4):467–70.

    Google Scholar 

  90. Chong KT, Hampson NB, Corman JM. Early hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves outcome for radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. Urology. 2005;65(4):649–53.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Corman JM, McClure D, Pritchett R, Kozlowski P, Hampson NB. Treatment of radiation induced hemorrhagic cystitis with hyperbaric oxygen. J Urol. 2003;169(6):2200–2.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Del Pizzo JJ, Chew BH, Jacobs SC, Sklar GN. Treatment of radiation induced hemorrhagic cystitis with hyperbaric oxygen: long-term followup. J Urol. 1998;160(3 Pt 1):731–3.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Bevers RF, Bakker DJ, Kurth KH. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment for haemorrhagic radiation cystitis. The Lancet. 1995;346(8978):803–5.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Zama D, Masetti R, Vendemini F, Di Donato F, Morelli A, Prete A, et al. Clinical effectiveness of early treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy for severe late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric patients. Pediatr Transpl. 2013;17(1):86–91.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Kim HL, Steinberg GD. Complications of cystectomy in patients with a history of pelvic radiation. Urology. 2001;58(4):557–60.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Abratt RP, Wilson JA, Pontin AR, Barnes RD. Salvage cystectomy after radical irradiation for bladder cancer-prognostic factors and complications. Br J Urol. 1993;72(5 Pt 2):756–60.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Smith JA Jr, Whitmore WF Jr. Salvage cystectomy for bladder cancer after failure of definitive irradiation. J Urol. 1981;125(5):643–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Alkan I, Jeschke S, Leeb K, Albquami N, Janetschek G. Treatment of radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis with laparoscopic cystoprostatectomy. Urol Int. 2006;77(2):190–2.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Fergany AF, Moussa AS, Gill IS. Laparoscopic cystoprostatectomy for radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. J Endourol. 2009;23(2):275–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Chang SS, Alberts GL, Smith JA Jr, Cookson MS. Ileal conduit urinary diversion in patients with previous history of abdominal/pelvic irradiation. World J Urol. 2004;22(4):272–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Gheiler EL, Wood DP Jr, Montie JE, Pontes JE. Orthotopic urinary diversion is a viable option in patients undergoing salvage cystoprostatectomy for recurrent prostate cancer after definitive radiation therapy. Urology. 1997;50(4):580–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Mannel RS, Manetta A, Buller RE, Braly PS, Walker JL, Archer JS. Use of ileocecal continent urinary reservoir in patients with previous pelvic irradiation. Gynecol Oncol. 1995;59(3):376–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Andriole GL, Yuan JJ, Catalona WJ. Cystotomy, temporary urinary diversion and bladder packing in the management of severe cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. J Urol. 1990;143(5):1006–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Fazili T, Bhat TR, Masood S, Palmer JH, Mufti GR. Fate of the leftover bladder after supravesical urinary diversion for benign disease. J Urol. 2006;176(2):620–1.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Soler R, Vianello A, Füllhase C, Wang Z, Atala A, Soker S, et al. Vascular therapy for radiation cystitis. Neurourol Urodyn. 2011;30(3):428–34.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Joshua A. Cohn MD & Gary D. Steinberg MD, FACS

  2. Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    Kyle A. Richards MD

Authors
  1. Joshua A. Cohn MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kyle A. Richards MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Gary D. Steinberg MD, FACS
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joshua A. Cohn MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Chicago Medical School, NorthShore University Health System, Highland Park, Illinois, USA

    Eli Daniel Ehrenpreis

  2. University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, NorthShore University Health System, Highland Park, Illinois, USA

    R de W Marsh

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    William Small Jr.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Cohn, J., Richards, K., Steinberg, G. (2015). The Management of Radiation Cystitis. In: Ehrenpreis, E., Marsh, R., Small Jr., W. (eds) Radiation Therapy for Pelvic Malignancy and its Consequences. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2217-8_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2217-8_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-2216-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-2217-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation