Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Conflict Between Economic Growth and Wildlife Conservation

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Peak Oil, Economic Growth, and Wildlife Conservation

Abstract

Economic growth is an increase in the production and consumption of goods and services in the aggregate. It requires increasing population and/or per capita consumption and is indicated by increasing gross domestic product (GDP) . GDP is monitored in a process called “national income accounting,” and three accounts are used to ensure validity: production (of goods and services), income, and expenditure. The amounts of production, income, and expenditure are measured in monetary units, such as dollars. When adjusted for inflation, increasing GDP is considered the quintessential measure of economic growthand also a solid indicator of biodiversity loss

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) (2002) Government R & D expenditures by country and socioeconomic objective, 1999. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Anderson S, Cavanagh J (2000) Top 200: the rise of corporate global power. Institute for Policy Studies, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Ausubel JH (1996) Can technology spare the earth? Am Sci 84:166–178

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bakan J (2005) The corporation: the pathological pursuit of profit and power. Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  5. Begon M, Harper JL, Townsend CR (1996) Ecology: individuals, populations and communities, 3rd edn. Blackwell Science, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  6. Brown LD, Plewes TJ, Gerstein MA (eds) (2004) Measuring research and development expenditures in the U.S. economy. Panel on research and development statistics at the National Science Foundation. National Research Council. National Academies Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Coyle D (1999) The weightless world: strategies for managing the digital economy. MIT Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  8. Czech B (2008) Prospects for reconciling the conflict between economic growth and biodiversity conservation with technological progress. Conserv Biol 22:1389–1398

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Czech B, Krausman PR, Devers PK (2000) Economic associations among causes of species endangerment in the United States. BioScience 50:593–601

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Czech B, Trauger DL, Farley J, Costanza R, Daly HE, Hall CAS, Noss RF, Krall L, Krausman PR (2005) Establishing indicators for biodiversity. Science 308:791–792

    Google Scholar 

  11. Czech B, Mills Busa JH, Brown RM (2012). Effects of economic growth on biodiversity in the United States. [A United Nations Sustainable Development Journal] Nat Resour Forum 36:160–166

    Google Scholar 

  12. Daly HE, Farley J (2003) Ecological economics: principles and applications. Island Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Denison EF (1985) Trends in American economic growth, 1929–1982. Brookings Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Deffeyes KS (2001) Hubbert’s peak: the impending world oil shortage. Princeton University Press, Princeton

    Google Scholar 

  15. Dietz T, Rosa EA, York R (2007) Driving the human ecological footprint. Front Ecol Environ 5:13–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Duga J, Stadt T (2005) Global R & D report: changes in the R & D community. R & D Magazine (Sept 2005):1–17

    Google Scholar 

  17. Eaton JG, Scheller RM (1996) Effects of climate warming on fish thermal habitat in streams of the United States. Limnol Oceanogr 41:1109–1115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. England RW (2000) Natural capital and the theory of economic growth. Ecolog Econ 34:425–431

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Fried HO, Knox Lovell CA, Schmidt SS (1993) The measurement of productive efficiency: techniques and applications. Oxford University, New York

    Google Scholar 

  20. Georgescu-Roegen N (1971) The entropy law and the economic process. Harvard University Press, Cambridge

    Book  Google Scholar 

  21. Goodwin NR, Nelson JA, Harris JM (2007) Patterns of economic growth and development. In: Cleveland CJ (ed) The Encyclopedia of earth. http://www.eoearth.org/article/Patterns_of_economic_growth_and_development. Accessed 7 Nov 2012

  22. Gordon JS (2004) An empire of wealth: the epic history of American economic power. Harper Collins, New York

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hecker DE (2001) Occupational employment projections to 2010. Mon Labor Rev Nov 2001:57–84

    Google Scholar 

  24. Heilbroner RL (1992) The worldly philosophers: the lives, times, and ideas of the great economic thinkers, 6th edn. Simon and Schuster, New York

    Google Scholar 

  25. Heiskanen E, Jalas M (2000) Dematerialization through services: a review and evaluation of the debate. Ministry of the Environment, Helsinki

    Google Scholar 

  26. International Joint Commission (IJC) (2006) Options for managing Lake Ontario and St. Lawrence River water levels and flows. Final report by the International Lake Ontario-St. Lawrence River Study Board to the International Joint Commission. http://www.losl.org/reports/finalreport-e.html. Accessed 16 Aug 2012

  27. Keynes JM (1936) The general theory of employment, interest and money. Harcourt and Brace, New York

    Google Scholar 

  28. Kingdon J (1993) Self-made man: human evolution from Eden to extinction? Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  29. Lucas RE Jr (1993) Making a miracle. Econometrica 61:251–272

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. Matthiessen P (1987) Wildlife in America. Revised edition. Viking, New York

    Google Scholar 

  31. National Science Foundation (NSF) (2007a) Academic research and development expenditures: fiscal year 2006. NSF 08-300. Division of Science Resources Statistics. National Science Foundation, Arlington

    Google Scholar 

  32. National Science Foundation (NSF) (2007b) National patterns of R & D resources: 2006 data update. NSF 07-331. Division of Science Resources Statistics National Science Foundation, Arlington

    Google Scholar 

  33. Oguchi N (2005) Productivity trends in Asia since 1980. Int Product Monit 10:69–78

    Google Scholar 

  34. Pearce DW (1992) The MIT dictionary of modern economics, 4th edn. MIT Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  35. Perelman S (1995) R & D, technological progress and efficiency change in industrial activities. Rev Income Wealth 41:349–366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Romer PM (1994) The origins of endogenous growth. J Econ Perspect 8:3–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Rostow WW (1990) Theorists of economic growth from David Hume to the present: with a perspective on the next century. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  38. Ruttan VW (2001) Technology, growth, and development: an induced innovation perspective. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  39. Sinclair M, Clauser C, Nobles M (2005) An in-depth study of America’s largest nonprofits. Nonprofit Times (Nov 1, 2005):27–41

    Google Scholar 

  40. Sharpe A (2004) Ten productivity puzzles facing researchers. Int Product Monit 9:15–24

    Google Scholar 

  41. Smith J (2003) International productivity comparisons: an examination of data sources. Int Product Monit 6:64–71

    Google Scholar 

  42. The Wildlife Society (TWS) (2003) The relationship of economic growth to wildlife conservation. Wildlife Society Technical Review 03-1. The Wildlife Society, Bethesda

    Google Scholar 

  43. U. S. Department of the Treasury (USDOT) (2007) Monthly Treasury statement of receipts and outlays of the United States Government for fiscal year 2008 through Nov 30, 2007, and other periods. U. S. Department of the Treasury, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Van den Bergh JC, Hofkes MW (1998) Theory and implementation of economic models for sustainable development. Springer, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  45. Wackernagel M, Schultz NB, Deumling D, Callejas Linares A, Jenkins M, Kapos V, Monfreda C, Loh J, Myers N, Norgaard R, Rander J (2002) Tracking the ecological overshoot of the human economy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:9266–9271

    Google Scholar 

  46. Wils A (2001) The effects of three categories of technological innovation on the use and price of nonrenewable resources. Ecolog Econ 37:457–472

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Yaffee SL (1994) The wisdom of the spotted owl: policy lessons for a new century. Island Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for the Advancement of the Steady State Economy (CASSE), 5101 S. 11th Street, 22204, Arlington, VA, USA

    Brian Czech

Authors
  1. Brian Czech
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Brian Czech .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Maryland Center for Enviro Appalachian Laboratory, Frostburg, Maryland, USA

    J. Edward Gates

  2. University of Maryland Center for Enviro Appalachian Laboratory, Frostburg, Maryland, USA

    David L. Trauger

  3. Center for the Advancement of the Steady, Arlington, Virginia, USA

    Brian Czech

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Czech, B. (2014). The Conflict Between Economic Growth and Wildlife Conservation. In: Gates, J., Trauger, D., Czech, B. (eds) Peak Oil, Economic Growth, and Wildlife Conservation. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1954-3_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1954-3_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1953-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1954-3

  • eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation