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Prostate Ultrasound Complications and Patient Safety

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Prostate Ultrasound

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Abstract

Between 800,000 to 1 million transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsies are performed in the United States each year [1]. Despite the potential benefit of undergoing TRUS biopsy (i.e., diagnosing prostate cancer at an early, treatable stage), the procedure is associated with a wide variety of minor and major complications. Prior to the actual procedure patients can suffer from anxiety and the anxiety may persist for weeks afterwards [2]. The source of the anxiety ranges from worrying about the discomfort of the procedure to the fear of being diagnosed with cancer. The physical consequences from a biopsy procedure include anal pain and discomfort from the insertion of the rectal sonogram probe, as well as pain from the needle punctures for both the anesthetic injection and tissue sampling [3]. Some of the more common complications are relatively mild, usually requiring nothing more than observation and reassurance, and mostly consist of blood in the semen, urine, or per rectum [4–7]. Other, less common, minor complications include irritative voiding symptoms such as dysuria and frequency [8]. Erectile dysfunction has also been documented, sometimes afflicting patients before the procedure, but also occurring after the biopsy and lasting for weeks in some cases [2, 9].

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Abbreviations

STAI:

State-Trait Anxiety Inventory

TRUS:

Transrectal ultrasound

NSAID:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

TURP:

Transurethral resection of prostate

MIC:

Minimum inhibitory concentration

SEER:

Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results

UTI:

Urinary tract infection

IIEF:

International Index of Erectile Function

SHIM:

Sexual Health Inventory for Men

IPSS:

International Prostate Symptom Score

QOL:

Quality of life

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center, 1 Brookdale Plaza, Brooklyn, NY, 11212, USA

    Frederick A. Gulmi M.D. & Miguel Pineda M.D.

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  1. Frederick A. Gulmi M.D.
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Correspondence to Frederick A. Gulmi M.D. .

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  1. Medical Director of Clinical Research, Co-Director of Urologic Oncology, Section of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Virginia Mason, SEATTLE, Washington, USA

    Christopher R. Porter

  2. Section of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Erika M. Wolff

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Gulmi, F.A., Pineda, M. (2015). Prostate Ultrasound Complications and Patient Safety. In: Porter, C., Wolff, E. (eds) Prostate Ultrasound. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1948-2_10

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