Abstract
Building on Chap. 2, this chapter establishes the nexus between community sentiment and the law and details the various ways in which community sentiment impacts law and policy. The general paradigms (e.g., analyses of jury decisions data and public opinion polls) used to capture community sentiment are then outlined and critiqued. Because impressions of community sentiment impact law and policy decisions, it is important that the samples drawn are representative of a community and the tools used to measure it are valid. Thus, this chapter highlights some of the complexities of accurately capturing community sentiment and provides a review of some sampling and measurement concerns in gauging community sentiment. Finally, recommendations are made to help avoid common measurement pitfalls.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Berdejo, C., & Yuchtman, N. (2013). Crime, punishment and politics: An analysis of political cycles in sentencing. Review of Economics and Statistics., 95, 741–756.
Blumenthal, J. A. (2003). Who decides? Privileging public sentiment about justice and the substantive law. UMKC Law Review, 72, 1–21.
Bohm, R. M., Clark, L. J., & Aveni, A. F. (1991). Knowledge and death penalty opinion: A test of the Marshall hypothesis. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 28, 360–387.
Bornstein, B. H. (1999). The ecological validity of jury simulations: Is the jury still out? Law & Human Behavior, 23(1), 75–91.
Bowers v. Hardwick, 478 U.S. 186 (1986).
Brank, E. M., Hays, S. A., & Weisz, V. (2006). Global and specific attitudes toward parental responsibility. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36, 2670–2684. doi:10.1111/j.0021-9029.2006.00122.x.
Burke, B. L., Martens, A., & Faucher, E. H. (2010). Two decades of terror management theory: A meta-analysis of mortality salience research. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14(2), 155–195. doi:10.1177/1088868309352321.
Cochran, J. K., Sanders, B., & Chamlin, M. B. (2006). Profiles in change: An alternative look at the Marshall hypotheses. Journal of Criminal Justice Education, 17(2), 205–226.
Diamond, S. S. (2011). Reference guide on survey research. In Reference manual on scientific evidence (pp. 359–424). Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
Dillman, D. A., & Tarnai, J. (1988). Administrative issues in mixed mode surveys. In R. M. Groves, P. P. Biemer, L. E. Lyberg, J. T. Massey, W. L. Nicholls, & J. Waksberg (Eds.), Telephone survey methodology (pp. 509–528). New York: Wiley.
Finkel, N. J. (1993). Socioscientific evidence and Supreme Court numerology: When justices attempt social science. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 11, 67–77.
Finkel, N. J. (1995). Commonsense justice: Jurors’ notions of the law. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Finkel, N. J., & Duff, K. B. (1991). Felony-murder and community sentiment: Testing the Supreme Courts’ assertions. Law and Human Behavior, 15, 405–429.
Finkel, N. J., Hurabiell, M. L., & Hughes, K. C. (1993). Right to die, euthanasia, and community sentiment: Crossing the public/private boundary. Law and Human Behavior, 17, 487–506.
Furman v. Georgia, 408 U.S. 238 (1972).
Garberg, N., & Libkuman, T. (2009). Community sentiment and the juvenile offender: Should juveniles charged with felony murder be waived into the adult criminal justice system? Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 27(4), 553–575. doi:10.1002/bsl.869.
Gelman, A., & Hill, J. (2007). Missing data imputations. In A. Gelman & J. Hill (Eds.), Data analysis using regression and multilevel/hierarchical models (pp. 529–544). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Green, E., & Bornstein, B. H. (2003). Determining damages: The psychology of jury awards. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Veeder, M., Pyszcynski, T., Rosenblatt, T., Kirkland, S., et al. (1990). Evidence for terror management theory II: The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who threaten or bolster the cultural worldview. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 308–318.
Guthrie, C. (2007). Misjudging. Nevada Law Journal, 7, 420–456.
Henry, G. T. (1990). Practical sampling. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Horowitz, I. A., Kerr, N. L., Park, E. S., & Gockel, C. (2006). Chaos in the courtroom reconsidered: Emotional bias and juror nullification. Law and Human Behavior, 31, 163–181.
Kahneman, D., Schkade, D., & Sunstein, C. (1998). Shared outrage and erratic awards: The psychology of punitive damages. Journal of Risk & Uncertainty, 16(1), 49–86.
Katz, I., & Hass, R. G. (1988). Racial ambivalence and American value conflict: Correlational and priming studies of dual cognitive structures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 893–905.
Kemmelmeier, M., & David, G. W. (2008). Sowing patriotism, but reaping nationalism? Consequences of exposure to the American flag. Political Psychology, 29(6), 859–879. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9221.2008.00670.x.
Kwiatkowski, M. J., & Miller, M. K. (2014). How attitude functions, attitude change, and beliefs affect community sentiment toward the Facebook Law. In M. K. Miller, J. A. Blumenthal, & J. Chamberlain (Eds.), Handbook of community sentiment. New York: Springer.
Lavrakas, P. J. (1993). Telephone survey methods: Sampling, selection, and supervision (2nd ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003).
Little, R. J. A., & Rubin, D. B. (1987). Statistical analysis with missing data. New York: Wiley.
Manfreda, L., Bosnjak, M., Berzelak, J., Haas, I., & Vehovar, V. (2008). Web surveys versus other survey modes—A meta-analysis comparing response rates. International Journal of Market Research, 50, 79–104.
Mangione, T. W. (1995). Mail surveys: Improving the quality. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Marshall, T. R. (1989). Public opinion and the Supreme Court. Winchester, MA: Unwin Hyman.
Miller, M. K., & Thomas, A. (2014). Understanding changes in community sentiment about drug use during pregnancy using a repeated measures design. In M. K. Miller, J. A. Blumenthal, & J. Chamberlain (Eds.), Handbook of community sentiment. New York: Springer.
National Association of State Jury Verdict Publishers. JuryVerdicts.com. http://www.juryverdicts.com (last visited June 10, 2013).
Oldmixon, E. A., & Calfano, B. R. (2007). The religious dynamics of decision making on gay rights issues in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1993–2002. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 46, 55–70.
Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992).
Reichert, J., Miller, M. K., Bornstein, B. H., & Shelton, D. (2011). How reason for surgery and patient weight affect verdicts and perceptions in medical malpractice trials: A comparison of students and jurors. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 29(3), 395. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/880153075?accountid=34899
Robinson, P. H., & Darley, J. M. (1995). Justice, liability, and blame: Community views and the criminal law. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973).
Sarat, A., & Vidmar, N. (1976). Public opinion, the death penalty, and the eighth amendment: Testing the Marshall hypothesis. Wisconsin Law Review, 17, 171–206.
Schonlau, M., Fricker, R. D., & Elliot, M. N. (2002). Conducting research surveys via e-mail and the Web. Santa Monica: Rand.
Seagate, S., & Pace, N. (2004). Forty years of civil jury verdicts. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 1, 1–25.
Shelton, D. (2012). Forensic science evidence: Can the law keep up with science? El Paso: LFB Scholarly Publishing.
Shelton, D., Kim, Y., & Barak, G. (2006). A study of juror expectations and demands concerning scientific evidence: Does the “CSI effect” exist? Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law, 9, 331–368.
Shelton, D., Kim, Y., & Barak, G. (2010). An indirect-effects model of mediated adjudication: The CSI myth, the tech effect, and metropolitan jurors’ expectations for scientific evidence. Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law, 12, 1–43.
Shepherd, J. (2013). Justice at risk: An empirical analysis of campaign contributions and judicial decisions. American Constitution Society. Retrieved from http://www.acslaw.org/ACS%20Justice%20at%20Risk%20(FINAL)%206_10_13.pdf (last visited August 14, 2013).
Stalans, L. J., & Henry, G. T. (1994). Societal views of justice for adolescents accused of murder: Inconsistency between community sentiment and automatic legislative transfers. Law & Human Behavior, 18, 675–696.
Stanford v. Kentucky, 492 U.S. 361 (1989).
Stoutenborough, J. W., Haider-Markel, D. P., & Allen, M. D. (2006). Reassessing the impact of Supreme Court decisions on public opinion: Gay civil rights cases. Political Research Quarterly, 59, 419–433.
Tourangeau, R., Rips, L. J., & Rasinski, K. (2000). The psychology of survey response. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
U.S. Const. Amend. VIII.
Uphoff, R. (2007). On misjudging and its implications for criminal defendants, their lawyers and the criminal justice system. Nevada Law Journal, 7, 521–547.
Vidmar, N. (1995). Medical malpractice and the American jury: Confronting the myths about jury incompetence, deep pockets, and outrageous damage awards. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Viswanathan, M. (2005). Measurement error and research design. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Weems v. U.S., 217 U.S. 349 (1910).
Weiss, J. (2006). Tough on crime: How campaigns for state judiciary violate criminal defendants’ due process rights. New York University Law Review, 81, 1101–1136.
Westlaw Database Directory. Westlaw, http://directory.westlaw.com/default.asp?GUID=WDIR00000000000000000000095399444&RS=W&VR=2.0 (last visited June 10, 2013).
Wiener, R. L., Habert, K., & Shkodriani, G. (1991). The social psychology of jury nullification: Predicting when jurors disobey the law. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 21, 1379–1401.
Willyard, C. (2011, January). Men: A growing minority. GradPSYCH Magazine, 9(1). Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/gradpsych/index.aspx
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chamberlain, J., Shelton, H.D.E. (2015). Methods and Measures Used in Gauging Community Sentiment. In: Miller, M., Blumenthal, J., Chamberlain, J. (eds) Handbook of Community Sentiment. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1899-7_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1899-7_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1898-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1899-7
eBook Packages: Behavioral ScienceBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)