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Neonatal Pain

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Treatment of Chronic Pain by Integrative Approaches

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Abstract

Pain in infants was essentially ignored up until the 1980s. The few reports that did exist were small observational studies. In 1987, the first randomized trial on pain in neonates was published in the Lancet, in which it was reported that the standard for anesthesia for neonates undergoing repair of patent ductus arteriosus was inadequate and that infants who received an opiate-based anesthetic over the usual nitrous oxide had fewer postoperative complications. At the time that article appeared, there was an increased interest in the issue of pain in infants, but there were several challenges in order to proceed. The first challenge was how to assess pain in a uniformly nonverbal population, especially given that most definitions of pain included self-report. The second challenge was to determine which analgesics were effective for which conditions with considerations for safety in this vulnerable population. As will be reported below, there was a need for alternate non-pharmacological approaches to pain control, and thus, studies were required to test which ones were effective for pain, particularly procedural pain.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Nursing, McGill University, 3506 University Street, Wilson Hall, Montreal, QC, H3A 2A7, Canada

    Celeste Johnston R.N., D.E. & Manon Ranger R.N., Ph.D.

  2. Department of Maternal Newborn Program, IWK Health Care, 5850/5980 University Ave., 9700, Halifax, NS, B3K 6R8, Canada

    Marsha Campbell-Yeo R.N., M.N., Ph.D.

  3. Coimbra School of Nursing, Coimbra, Lisbon, Portugal

    Ananda Fernandes M.S.N., Ph.D.

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  1. Celeste Johnston R.N., D.E.
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  2. Marsha Campbell-Yeo R.N., M.N., Ph.D.
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  3. Ananda Fernandes M.S.N., Ph.D.
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  4. Manon Ranger R.N., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Celeste Johnston R.N., D.E. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. President and CEO, Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology, The Center for Pain Relief, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Charleston, West Virginia, USA

    Timothy R. Deer

  2. Clinic Chief, Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford Pain Medicine Center, Redwood City, CA, USA, and Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA

    Michael S. Leong

  3. Medical Director, Clinical Associate Professor, The LITE Center, South Miami, FL, USA, and University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA

    Albert L. Ray

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Johnston, C., Campbell-Yeo, M., Fernandes, A., Ranger, M. (2015). Neonatal Pain. In: Deer, T., Leong, M., Ray, A. (eds) Treatment of Chronic Pain by Integrative Approaches. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1821-8_22

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