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Selective Infection of CD4+ Memory T Cells

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Humanized Mice for HIV Research

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Abstract

HIV-1 mainly targets CD4+ memory T cells during infection, resulting in their depletion and ultimately AIDS. However, how HIV induces this CD4+ T cell depletion in vivo, particularly in the memory CD4+ T cell population, remains a long-standing question in viral pathogenesis. This chapter introduces up-to-date knowledge of the pathogenesis of CD4+ T cell depletion in HIV-1-infected individuals and discusses the feasibility of virological and immunological investigations using humanized mice.

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Abbreviations

AIDS:

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

ART:

Antiretroviral therapy

CCR5:

CC chemokine receptor 5

CTL:

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes

HIV-1:

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1

HLA:

Human leukocyte antigen

LTR:

Long terminal repeat

NOD:

Nonobese diabetes

SCID:

Severe combined immunodeficiency

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Acknowledgments

I thank Dr. Peter Gee (Kyoto University) for his critical review of the manuscript. This work was partially funded by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (24115008) and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B24390112) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and Research on HIV/AIDS from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoinkawara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan

    Yoshio Koyanagi

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  1. Yoshio Koyanagi
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Correspondence to Yoshio Koyanagi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA

    Larisa Y. Poluektova

  2. Center for AIDS Research, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    J. Victor Garcia

  3. Research Center for AIDS Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Kyoto University Institute for Virus Research, Sakyo-ku, Japan

    Yoshio Koyanagi

  4. Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

    Markus G. Manz

  5. Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA

    Andrew M. Tager

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Koyanagi, Y. (2014). Selective Infection of CD4+ Memory T Cells. In: Poluektova, L., Garcia, J., Koyanagi, Y., Manz, M., Tager, A. (eds) Humanized Mice for HIV Research. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1655-9_21

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