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NK Cell Development in Human Immune System (HIS) Mice and Their Role in HIV Pathogenesis

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Abstract

Studies on mouse natural killer (NK) cells reveal their major role in host innate immunity against viral pathogens and tumor cells. In recent years, there has been a growing interest to develop therapeutics and prophylactics for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by targeting human NK cells. These novel approaches require advanced knowledge of human NK cell development and function. Due to the limited access to human tissue samples, the studies of human NK cells are generally restricted to in vitro analysis of NK cells from peripheral blood. Hence, the recent development of a small animal model with stable human hematopoiesis has provided a powerful tool to study human immune responses in vivo. Human NK cell reconstitution in human immune system (HIS) mice can be significantly boosted by exogenous human cytokines resulting in a pertinent model to study the role for NK cells in regulating HIV-induced pathology. In present chapter, we review some aspects of NK cell biology and the role of NK cells in HIV infection, and discuss the human NK cell engraftment in current HIS mouse models and possibilities to use HIS mice to study human NK cell during the course of HIV infection.

Silvia Lopez-Lastra has contributed equally to this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris, France

    Yan Li, Silvia Lopez-Lastra, Guillemette X. Masse & James P. Di Santo

  2. Inserm U668, Paris, France

    James P. Di Santo

Authors
  1. Yan Li
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  2. Silvia Lopez-Lastra
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  3. Guillemette X. Masse
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  4. James P. Di Santo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to James P. Di Santo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA

    Larisa Y. Poluektova

  2. Center for AIDS Research, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    J. Victor Garcia

  3. Research Center for AIDS Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Kyoto University Institute for Virus Research, Sakyo-ku, Japan

    Yoshio Koyanagi

  4. Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

    Markus G. Manz

  5. Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA

    Andrew M. Tager

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Li, Y., Lopez-Lastra, S., Masse, G., Di Santo, J. (2014). NK Cell Development in Human Immune System (HIS) Mice and Their Role in HIV Pathogenesis. In: Poluektova, L., Garcia, J., Koyanagi, Y., Manz, M., Tager, A. (eds) Humanized Mice for HIV Research. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1655-9_14

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