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45 Long-Term Mortality After Bariatric Surgery

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Minimally Invasive Bariatric Surgery

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Abstract

Bariatric surgery results in significant weight loss and improvement in obesity-related comorbidities. These benefits ultimately lead to improved health and increased survival. The current data show that the long-term mortality after adjustable gastric banding (AGB) decreased from a range of 2.5–10.6 % in nonsurgical controls to a range of 0–3.7 % in surgical patients. Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) also demonstrated low long-term mortality, although at relatively shorter term. Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) has a reported a mortality of 0.2–8 % at mean follow-up of 2–12 years. Long-term mortality following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYBG) ranged from 1.8 to 9 % and represented a significant reduction compared to mortality in obese individuals who did not undergo surgery (4.1 to 28 %). In studies which included multiple operations, the overall long-term mortality rate for bariatric surgery ranged from 0.68 to 5 % and was significantly lower than control mortality of 6.17–6.3 % at 5–11 years after surgery. Current data seem to clearly support that bariatric surgery significantly reduces obesity-related mortality.

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Abbreviations

AGB:

Adjustable gastric banding

BMI:

Body mass index

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

DM:

Type II diabetes mellitus

DYS:

Dyslipidemia

HTN:

Hypertension

RYGB:

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

VBG:

Vertical banded gastroplasty

VSG:

Vertical sleeve gastrectomy

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 2221 Stockton Boulevard, Cypress Building, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA

    Aaron D. Carr & Mohamed R. Ali

Authors
  1. Aaron D. Carr
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  2. Mohamed R. Ali
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohamed R. Ali .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Stacy A. Brethauer

  2. Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Philip R. Schauer

  3. Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA

    Bruce D. Schirmer

Review Questions and Answers

Review Questions and Answers

  1. 1.

    According to the World Health Organization, what chronic condition is now a major cause of mortality in the majority of countries?

    1. A.

      Malnutrition

    2. B.

      Tuberculosis

    3. C.

      Obesity

    4. D.

      Pesticides

    • Answer: C

  2. 2.

    Which of the following causes of mortality is MOST reduced by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass?

    1. A.

      Diabetes

    2. B.

      Cancer

    3. C.

      Cardiovascular

    4. D.

      All-cause mortality

    • Answer: A

  3. 3.

    What is the proposed mechanism by which bariatric surgery reduces long-term mortality?

    1. A.

      Weight loss

    2. B.

      Improvement in comorbidities

    3. C.

      Decrease in cancer incidence

    4. D.

      Multifactorial

    5. E.

      All of the above

    • Answer: E

  4. 4.

    Which of the following is the greatest predictor of overall mortality following bariatric surgery?

    1. A.

      Previous surgery

    2. B.

      History of myocardial infarction

    3. C.

      BMI > 50 kg/m2

    4. D.

      Type II diabetes mellitus

    • Answer: B

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Carr, A.D., Ali, M.R. (2015). 45 Long-Term Mortality After Bariatric Surgery. In: Brethauer, S., Schauer, P., Schirmer, B. (eds) Minimally Invasive Bariatric Surgery. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1637-5_45

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1637-5_45

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1636-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1637-5

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