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Neuroprosthesis and Sensorimotor Training

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Textbook of Neuromodulation

Abstract

Changes in the sensory and motor maps in the sensorimotor cortices characterize several chronic pain disorders which involve motor and sensory disturbances. This chapter will focus on some of these chronic pain disorders like phantom limb pain, complex regional pain syndrome, chronic back pain, or fibromyalgia. For these disorders, training procedures that target these maladaptive changes in states of chronic pain and the behavioral and cortical changes that accompany them will be reviewed. These procedures include training of perceptual abilities, motor function, and visual feedback and have been shown to reorganize the altered sensory and motor maps measured with several methods as electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, magnetic resonance tomography, and positron emission tomography. Treatments that combine several modalities such as imagery or mirror treatment as well as use of prostheses or sensory discrimination training also have beneficial effects. Further research must elucidate the mechanisms of these plastic changes related to the disorders and treatments.

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Acknowledgments

The completion of this chapter was facilitated by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DI 1553/3 and an Early Career Research Grant offered by the International Association for the Study of Pain as well as by the PHANTOM MIND project, which receives research funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 230249. This chapter reflects only the author’s views, and the Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

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  1. Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health/Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany

    Martin Diers

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  1. Institute for Innovation in Palliative Care, Metropolitan Jewish Health Systems (MJHS), New York, New York, USA

    Helena Knotkova

  2. University of Lübeck, Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany

    Dirk Rasche

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Diers, M. (2015). Neuroprosthesis and Sensorimotor Training. In: Knotkova, H., Rasche, D. (eds) Textbook of Neuromodulation. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1408-1_13

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