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Role of Sensory, Social, and Hormonal Signals from the Mother on the Development of Offspring

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Perinatal Programming of Neurodevelopment

Part of the book series: Advances in Neurobiology ((NEUROBIOL,volume 10))

Abstract

For mammals, sensory, social, and hormonal experience early in life is essential for the continuity of the infant’s development. These experiences come from the mother through maternal care, and have enduring effects on the physiology and behavior of the adult organism. Disturbing the mother–offspring interaction by maternal deprivation (neglect) or exposure to adverse events as chronic stress, maltreatment, or sexual abuse has negative effects on the mental, psychological, physiological, and behavioral health. Indeed, these kinds of negative experiences can be the source of some neuropsychiatric diseases as depression, anxiety, impulsive aggression, and antisocial behavior. The purpose of this chapter is to review the most relevant evidence that supports the participation of cues from the mother and/or littermates during the postnatal preweaning period for the development of nervous system of the offspring. These findings come from the most frequently utilized experimental paradigms used in animal models, such as natural variations in maternal behavior, handling, partial maternal deprivation, and total maternal deprivation and artificial rearing. Through the use of these experimental procedures, it is possible to positively (handling paradigm), or negatively (maternal deprivation paradigms), affect the offspring’s development. Finally, this chapter reviews the importance of the hormones that pups ingest through the maternal milk during early lactation on the development of several physiological systems, including the immune, endocrine systems, as well as on the adult behavior of the offspring.

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Acknowledgments

The author thanks Prof. Alison S. Fleming for commenting and editing this work and Francisco Corona Land for his generous help in the preparation of the table and the references.

This study was supported by a CONACYT-Mon co grant to Angel I. Melo (CB-2010-01-156413).

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The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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  1. Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, CINVESTAV-Laboratorio Tlaxcala, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México

    Angel I. Melo

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  1. Facultad de Medicina Inst de Biologia Celular y Neurociecias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Marta C. Antonelli

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Melo, A. (2015). Role of Sensory, Social, and Hormonal Signals from the Mother on the Development of Offspring. In: Antonelli, M. (eds) Perinatal Programming of Neurodevelopment. Advances in Neurobiology, vol 10. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1372-5_11

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