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Environmental Analysis by Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors pp 841–854Cite as

Electroanalysis and Chemical Speciation

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Part of the book series: Nanostructure Science and Technology ((NST))

Abstract

The greatest concern for speciation of the elements relates to their impact on biological systems depending on their physical and chemical form, occurrence, behavior, and actual circulation in the environment, toxicological profile, and bioactivity and bioavailability. In combination with electrochemical principles, speciation has a long tradition and at least since the last third of the twentieth century this special area skillfully utilizes the ability of electroanalysis to indicate the changes in chemical equilibrium and redox state of various substances, which allows—together with determinations of their total content—the identification and quantification of the individual forms and their actual distribution—a problematic deal for many other instrumental techniques. In this respect, specialized teams have elaborated to a remarkable extent mainly the electrochemistry of natural aquatic systems, covering for two decades the dominant part of chemical speciation in environmental electroanalysis. In this chapter we the most convenient electrochemical techniques for speciation analysis, there is (equilibrium) potentiometry and, mainly, stripping techniques with the effective pre-concentration step for accumulating many species at a high concentration level, are presented and discussed.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Ostrava, 30. dubna 22, 701 03, Ostrava, Czech Republic

    Zuzana Navrátilová

  2. Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Pardubice, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic

    Ivan Švancara

Authors
  1. Zuzana Navrátilová
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  2. Ivan Švancara
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Correspondence to Zuzana Navrátilová or Ivan Švancara .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Venice, Italy

    Ligia Maria Moretto

  2. Institute of Chemistry, Universitat Graz, Graz, Austria

    Kurt Kalcher

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Navrátilová, Z., Švancara, I. (2015). Electroanalysis and Chemical Speciation. In: Moretto, L., Kalcher, K. (eds) Environmental Analysis by Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors. Nanostructure Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1301-5_7

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