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Explosives

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Environmental Analysis by Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors

Part of the book series: Nanostructure Science and Technology ((NST))

Abstract

Explosives produced both for military and civilian use are important pollutants of soils and aquatic systems in the vicinity of places where they are produced, stored or used. Many of them are classified as toxic by the US-EPA and other environmental agencies. Because of the easy electrochemical reducibility of nitro group, voltammetric and amperometric methods are frequently used for their determination which are discussed in this chapter. The various electrode materials in use for the determination of explosives as well as the analytical approaches including microfluidic devices are reviewed.

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Abbreviations

CFME:

Carbon fiber microelectrode

CRP:

Cathode ray polarography

C-SPE:

Carbon ink screen-printed electrode

CV:

Cyclic voltammetry

DCP:

Direct current polarography

DME:

Dropping mercury electrode

DMSO:

Dimethylsulfoxide

DPV:

Differential pulse voltammetry

GCE:

Glassy carbon electrode

gm-GCE:

Graphene oxide-modified glassy carbon electrode

HMDE:

Hanging mercury drop electrode

MIP-E:

Molecularly imprinted polymer-modified electrode

pTTP-GCE:

Poly[meso-tetrakis(2-thienyl)porphyrin]-modified glassy carbon electrode

SWV:

Square wave voltammetry

THFA:

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (project LH 13002 Program KONTAKT II).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, University Research Centre UNCE “Supramolecular Chemistry”, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    Jiri Barek & Jan Fischer

  2. Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093-0448, CA, USA

    Joseph Wang

Authors
  1. Jiri Barek
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  2. Jan Fischer
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  3. Joseph Wang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jiri Barek .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Venice, Italy

    Ligia Maria Moretto

  2. Institute of Chemistry, Universitat Graz, Graz, Austria

    Kurt Kalcher

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Barek, J., Fischer, J., Wang, J. (2015). Explosives. In: Moretto, L., Kalcher, K. (eds) Environmental Analysis by Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors. Nanostructure Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1301-5_12

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