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Perioperative Kidney Injury pp 227–237Cite as

Nutrition in Perioperative Patients with Kidney Failure

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Abstract

The nutritional status of perioperative patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) is often impaired and an important determinant of morbidity and mortality. In addition to well-described imbalances in electrolyte, acid-base, and volume status, AKI also induces alterations in protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. Hospitalization, especially when associated with critical illness, also reduces appetite and impairs adequate nutrient intake. This adverse combination predisposes patients to serious nutritional deficits, muscle wasting, weakness, and delayed recovery. Adequately designed and powered studies examining the optimal approach to metabolic and nutritional support in perioperative patients with AKI are scarce, and current guidelines for nutritional support are based on expert opinion. The following chapter will provide an overview of the key perturbations observed in substrate and energy metabolism, the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms, and the debates surrounding the provision of nutritional and metabolic support in perioperative patients with AKI.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Avenue South MCN-S3306, Nashville, TN, 37232-2372, USA

    T. Alp Ikizler MD

  2. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232-2372, USA

    Edward D. Siew MD, MSCI

Authors
  1. T. Alp Ikizler MD
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  2. Edward D. Siew MD, MSCI
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Correspondence to T. Alp Ikizler MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Charuhas V. Thakar

  2. Program of Applied Translational Research, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

    Chirag R. Parikh

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Ikizler, T.A., Siew, E.D. (2015). Nutrition in Perioperative Patients with Kidney Failure. In: Thakar, C., Parikh, C. (eds) Perioperative Kidney Injury. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1273-5_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1273-5_18

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1272-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1273-5

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