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G-Protein–Effector Coupling in the Vertebrate Phototransduction Cascade

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G Protein Signaling Mechanisms in the Retina

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Vision Research ((SSVR,volume 3))

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Abstract

For many years, the rod phototransduction cascade has served as a valuable model to study the mechanisms of cellular signaling by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Our understanding of the key steps of signal transfer from GPCRs to G proteins and further downstream to G protein effectors has been greatly advanced through extensive biochemical studies in rod photoreceptors. This review focuses on the coupling of the visual G protein transducin to its classical effector phosphodiesterase 6. A new level of mechanistic insight has been achieved from the atomic structures of the signaling molecules. Recent studies on light-dependent translocation of transducin in rods raise a possibility for noncanonical transducin signaling and partners in the photoreceptor synaptic terminal.

NOA research is supported by NIH grants EY10843 and EY12682

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, IA, USA

    Nikolai O. Artemyev PhD

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  1. Nikolai O. Artemyev PhD
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Correspondence to Nikolai O. Artemyev PhD .

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  1. The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA

    Kirill A. Martemyanov

  2. Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Alapakkam P. Sampath

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Artemyev, N. (2014). G-Protein–Effector Coupling in the Vertebrate Phototransduction Cascade. In: Martemyanov, K., Sampath, A. (eds) G Protein Signaling Mechanisms in the Retina. Springer Series in Vision Research, vol 3. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1218-6_4

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