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Stimulation of Therapeutic Angiogenesis Using Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells

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Perinatal Stem Cells

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Abstract

Amniotic fluid is an appealing source of multipotent, fetal, extra-embryonic stem cells (AFSCs), which could be potentially utilized for intrauterine therapies or banked for future uses. In their undifferentiated state AFSCs can serve as an incredible pro-angiogenic burst and drive endogenous repair. Besides the feasible in vitro manipulation to direct AFSCs toward a vascular phenotype, there is also the opportunity to use their secreted pro-angiogenic soluble factors to promote neoangiogenesis in ischemic tissues. AFSCs are the optimal cell candidate for both tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches, exogenous and endogenous repair. The present chapter discusses the current approaches to differentiate AFSCs to endothelial cells and the emerging evidence of AFSC paracrine effect on the vascularization of ischemic sites. In particular, the discovery that AFSC secretome can be used for therapeutic angiogenesis has opened to the possibility that a cell-free treatment could be employed as a safe alternative to cell and tissue transplantation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale Medical School, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA

    Teodelinda Mirabella Ph.D.

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  1. Teodelinda Mirabella Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Teodelinda Mirabella Ph.D. .

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  1. Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA

    Anthony Atala

  2. Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA

    Sean V. Murphy

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Mirabella, T. (2014). Stimulation of Therapeutic Angiogenesis Using Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells. In: Atala, A., Murphy, S. (eds) Perinatal Stem Cells. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1118-9_12

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