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Posttranslational Modifications of Zona Pellucida Proteins

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Book cover Posttranslational Protein Modifications in the Reproductive System

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 759))

Abstract

The zona pellucida (ZP), which surrounds the mammalian oocyte, functions in various aspects of fertilization. The ZP consists of three or four glycoproteins, which are derived from transmembrane proteins that lack the ability to self-assemble. Following posttranslational processing at specific sites, ectodomains of ZP precursor proteins are released from the membrane and begin to form a matrix. Glycosylational modification is thought to be involved in species-selective sperm recognition by ZP proteins. However, in mice, the supramolecular structure of the zona matrix is also important in sperm recognition. One ZP protein, ZP2, is processed at a specific site upon fertilization by ovastacin, which is released from cortical granules inside the oocyte. This phenomenon is involved in the block to polyspermy. The proteolysis of ubiquitinated ZP proteins by a sperm-associated proteasome is involved in penetration of the zona matrix by sperm, at least in the pigs. Thus, the posttranslational modification of ZP proteins is closely tied to ZP formation and the regulation of sperm–oocyte interactions.

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Abbreviations

CFCS:

Consensus furin cleavage site

EHP:

External hydrophobic patch

Fuc:

Fucose

Gal:

Galactose

GalNAc:

N-acetylgalactosamine

GlcNAc:

N-acetylglucosamine

HPLC:

High-performance liquid chromatography

IHP:

Internal hydrophobic patch

Man:

Mannose

NeuAc:

N-acetylneuraminic acid

NeuGc:

N-glycolylneuraminic acid

PNGase F:

Peptide N-glycosidase F

SDS:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

Sia:

Sialic acid

sLex :

Sialyl-Lewisx

TMD:

Transmembrane domain

ZP:

Zona pellucida

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  1. Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan

    Naoto Yonezawa

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  1. Division of Animal Sciences, and Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA

    Peter Sutovsky

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Yonezawa, N. (2014). Posttranslational Modifications of Zona Pellucida Proteins. In: Sutovsky, P. (eds) Posttranslational Protein Modifications in the Reproductive System. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 759. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0817-2_6

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