Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Guide to Psychological Assessment with Asians pp 199–210Cite as

Assessment of Anxiety with Asians

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

The Asian population is a considerably increasing minority group in the USA. Awareness of cross-cultural variations in mental health issues is critical because there is a considerable cross-cultural difference in the manifestation of symptoms. Recent studies reported that there is a substantial need for mental health care within the Asian population, because shame and stigma regarding psychological problems discourage them from reporting these problems and using mental health care. Among mental health problems, the Asian population has various types of anxiety disorders and culture-specific anxiety symptoms depending on their heritage and culture. It is important for effective treatment planning to assess anxiety disorders accurately with valid assessment tools. The psychometric properties of both English and other Asian language measures that have been standardized for an Asian population are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Alegria, M., Takeuchi, D., Canino, G., Duan, N., Shrout, P., Meng, X., & Gong, F. (2004). Considering context, place and culture: The National Latino and Asian American Study. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 13, 208–220.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychological Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asnaani, A., Richey, A., Dimaite, R., Hinton, E. E., & Hofmans, S. G. (2010). A cross-ethnic comparison of lifetime prevalence rates of anxiety disorders. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 198, 551–555.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barlow, D. H. (2002). Anxiety and its disorders (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R, A., (1998). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinicial Psychology, 56, 893–897.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beidel, D. C., Turner, S. M., Stanley, M. A., & Dancu, C. V. (1989). The social phobia and anxiety inventory: Concurrent and external validity. Behavior Therapy, 20, 417–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, T. A., Antony, M. M., & Barlow, D. H. (1992). Psychometric properties of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire in a clinical anxiety disorders sample. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 30, 33–37.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chin, P., & Zhang, Y. (2010). The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Social Phobia Inventory. West China Medical Journal, 26(2), 477–479.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chung, R. C., & Singer, K. M. (1995). Interpretation of symptom presentation and distress: A Southeast Asian refugee example. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 183, 639–648.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Creamer, M., Foran, J., & Bell, R. (1995). The Beck Anxiety Inventory in a non-clinical sample. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 477–485.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dakasi, O., OOTS, B., Danaka, K., Aoya, M., Ikawa, H., Yosida, Y., & Hurukawa, H. (2004). Examination of validity of Panic Disorder Severity Scale in Japanese (PDSS-J). Clinical Psychopharmacology, 7, 1155–1168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fong, S. L. (1973). Assimilation and changing social roles of Chinese Americans. Journal of Social Issues, 29, 115–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gee, G. C., Spencer, M., Chen, J., & Takeuchi, Y. T. (2007). The association between self-reported racial discrimination and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders among Asian Americans nationwide. Social Science & Medicine, 64, 1984–1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gillis, M. M., Haaga, D. A. F., & Ford, G. T. (1995). Normative values for the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Fear Questionnaire, Penn State Worry Questionnaire, and Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory. Psychological Assessment, 7, 450–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez, H. M., Tarraf, W., West, B. T., Chan, D., Miranda, P. Y., & Leong, F. T. (2010). Antidepressant use among Asians in the United States. Depression and Anxiety, 27, 46–55.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Good, B. J., & Kleinman, A. M. (1985). Culture and anxiety: Cross-cultural evidence for the patterning of anxiety disorders. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and anxiety disorders (pp. 297–323). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, T. L., & Teachman, B. A. (2008). Ethnic group differences in affective, behavioral, and cognitive markers of anxiety. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39(4), 424–446.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Han, E., Cho, Y., Park, S., Kim, H., & Kim, S. (2003). An application of confirmatory factor analysis in psychiatric patients. Factor structure of the Korean version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 22(1), 261–270.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heinrichs, N., Rapee, R. M., & Alden, L. A. (2006). Cultural differences in perceived social norms and social anxiety. Behavior Research and Therapy, 44, 1187–1197.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hinton, D. E. (2000). Musical healing and cultural syndromes in Iran: Landscape, conceptual metaphor, and embodiment. (Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, 2000). Dissertation Abstracts International, 60(2553), 1–899.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hinton, D. E, Chau, H., Nguyen, L., Nguyen, M., Pham, T., Quinn, S., & Tran, M. (2001). Panic disorder among Vietnamese refugees attending a psychiatric clinic: Prevalence and subtypes. General Hospital Psychiatry, 23, 337–344.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hinton, D. E., Hinton, L., Tran, M., Nguyen, M., Nguyen, L., Hsia, C., & Pollack, M. H. (2007). Orthostatic panic attacks among Vietnamese refugees. Transcultural Psychiatry, 44, 515–544.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hinton, D. E., Hinton, S., Um, K., Chea, A., & Sak, S. (2002). The Khmer “weak heart” syndrome: Fear of death from palpitations. Transcultural Psychiatry, 39, 323–344.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hinton, D. E., Nguyen, L., Tran, M., & Quinn, S. (2005). Weak kidney and panic attacks in a traumatized Vietnamese male: Clinical history. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 29, 125–135.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hinton, D. E., Rasmussen, A., & Nou, L. (2009). Anger, PTSD, and the nuclear family: A study of Cambodian refugees. Social Science and Medicine, 69, 1387–1394.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hinton, D., Um, K., & Ba, P. (2001). Kyol goeu (wind overload): I. A cultural syndrome of orthostatic panic among Khmer refugees. Transcultural Psychiatry, 38, 403–432.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hishinuma, E. S., Miyamoto, R. H., Nishimura, S. T., Goebert, D. A., Noelle, Y. C., Yuen, G., … Carlton, B. S. (2001). Prediction of anxiety disorders using the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory for multiethnic adolescents. Anxiety Disorders, 15, 511–533.

    Google Scholar 

  • Houch, P. R., Spiegel, D. A., Shear, M. K., & Rucci, P. (2002). Reliability of the self-report version of the Panic Disorder Severity Scale. Depression and Anxiety, 15(4), 183–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu, L., & Alden, L. E. (2008). Cultural influences on willingness to seek treatment for social anxiety in Chinese- and European-heritage students. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14(3), 215–223.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, Q., Cui, H., & Li, C. (2012). Systematic review of studies of BDNF levels in the peripheral blood of patients with panic disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Medicine, 25(1), 11–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang, G., Zhang, Y., Liu, N., & Wei, M. (2008). Characteristics of traumas and PTSD symptom among perpetrators of domestic violence. Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science, 17(8), 724–726.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwata, N., Mishima, N., Shimizu, T., Mizoue, T., Fukuhara, M., Hidano, T., & Spielberger, C. D. (1998). Positive and negative affect in the factor structure of the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory for Japanese workers. Psychological Reports, 82, 651–656.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, N. J. (2004). Validation of the Korean version of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory. The Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 23(4), 1011–1027.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirmayer, L. (1991). The place of culture in psychiatric nosology: Taijin kyofusho and DSM-III-R. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 179, 19–28.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kitanishi, K., & Kondo, K. (1994). The rise and fall of neurasthenia in Japanese psychiatry. Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review, 31, 137–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kleinknecht, R. A., Dinnel, D. L., & Kleinknecht, E. E. (1997). Cultural factors in social anxiety: A comparison of social phobia symptoms and Taijin Kyofusho. Journal of Anxiety Disorder, 11, 157–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kubany, E. S., Haynes, S. N., Leisen, M. B., Owens, J. A., Kaplan, A. S., & Watson, S. B. (2000). Development and preliminary validation of a brief broad-spectrum measure of trauma exposure: The Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire. Psychological Assessment, 12(2), 210–224.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kung, W. W., & Lu, P. C. (2008). How symptom manifestations affect help seeking for mental health problems among Chinese Americans. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 196, 46–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lai, J., & Linden, W. (1993). The smile of Asia: Acculturation effects on symptom reporting. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 25(2), 303–313.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, J., & Choi, C. (1997). A study of the reliability and the validity of the Korean versions of social phobia and scales (K-SAD, K-FNE). The Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 16(2), 251–264.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, J., Lei, A., & Sue, S. (2000). The current state of mental health research on Asian Americans. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 3(3–4), 159–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, H. B., & Oei, T. P. S. (1994). Factor structure, validity, and reliability of the fear questionnaire in a Hong Kong Chinese population. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 16, 189–199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, M. R., Okazaki, S., & Yoo, H. C. (2006). Frequency and intensity of social anxiety in Asian Americans and European Americans. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 12, 291–351.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Z., Ma, T., Zhang, R., Long, X., Song, L., Li, B., … Tang, X. (2008). The study of the various characteristic in recruits anxiety mood and influencing factors in different training phase. Chinese Journal of Health Care and Medicine, 10(5), 350–352.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lim, Y. J., Kim, Y. H., Lee, E. H., & Kwon, S. M. (2008). The Penn State Worry Questionnaire: Psychometric properties of the Korean version. Depression and Anxiety, 25(10), E97–E103.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lim, Y. J., Yu, B. H., & Kim, J. H. (2007). Korean panic disorder severity scale: Construct validity by confirmatory factor analysis. Depression and Anxiety, 24(2), 95–102.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, K. M. (1983). Hwa-Byung: A Korean culture-bound syndrome. American Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 105–107.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, K. M., Lau, J., Yamamoto, J., Zheng, Y. P., Kim, H. S., Cho, K. H., & Nakasaki, G. (1992). Hwa-byung: A community study of Korean Americans. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 180, 386–391.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luo, N., Fones, C. S. L., Thumboo, J., & Li, S. C. (2003). Factors influencing health-related quality of life of Asians with anxiety disorders in Singapore. Quality of Life Research, 13, 557–565.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maeda, F., & Nathan, J. (1999). Understanding taijin kyofusho through its treatment, Morita therapy. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 46, 525–530.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matsumi, J. (2009). Examination of the reliability and validity of the Japanese version (PSWQ) Penn State Worry Questionnaire—self-assessment questionnaire of worry. Counseling Study, 42(3), 247–255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matsunaga, H., Kiriike, N., & Matsui, T. (2001). Taijin kyofusho: A form of social anxiety that responds to serotonin reuptake inhibitors? The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 4, 231–237.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mattick, R. P., & Clarke, J. C. (1998). Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 455–470.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, T. J., Miller, M. L., Metzger, R. L., & Borkovec, T. D. (1990). Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 28, 487–495.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nagata, T., Oshima, J., Wada, A., Yamada, H., Iketani, T., & Kiriike, N. (2003). Open trial for taijin-kyofusho in Japanese patients with social anxiety disorder. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 7, 107–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newman, M. G., Zuellig, A. R., Kachin, K. E., Constantino, M. J., Przeworski, A., Erickson, T., & Cashman-McGrath, L. (2002). Preliminary reliability and validity of the GAD-Q-IV: A revised self-report diagnostic measure of generalized anxiety disorder. Behavior Therapy, 33, 215–233.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norasakkunkit, V., & Kalick, S. M. (2009). Experimentally detecting how cultural differences on social anxiety measures misrepresent cultural differences in emotional well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10(3), 313–327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ochiai, M., & Matsui, Y. (2009). How high social anxiety individuals recognize changing facial expressions. Research in Social and Interpersonal Psychology, 9, 46–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okajima, I., Yoshihiro, K., & Sasagawa, S. (2008). Revised Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory in Japanese. Association of Behavior Therapy, 34(3), 297–309.

    Google Scholar 

  • Onoye, J. M., Goebert, D., Morland, L., Matsu, C., & Wright, T. (2009). PTSD and postpartum mental health in a sample of Caucasian, Asian, and Pacific Islander women. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 12, 393–400.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Park, L., & Hinton, D. (2002). Dizziness and panic in China: Associated sensations of Zang Fu organ disequilibrium. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 26, 225–257.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peng, C., Fan, X., & Li, L. (2003). The validity and reliability of Social Avoidance and Distress Scale in Chinese students. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 17(5), 279–281.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perme, B., Ranjith, G., Mohan, R., & Chandrasekaran, R. (2005). Dhat (semen loss) syndrome: A functional somatic syndrome of the Indian subcontinent. General Hospital Psychiatry, 27, 215–217.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rapee, R. M., & Spence, S. H. (2004). The etiology of social phobia: Empirical evidence and an initial model. Clinical Psychology Review, 24, 737–767.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, A. L., Gilman, S. E., Breslau, J., Breslau, N., & Koenen, K. C. (2010). Race/ethnic differences in exposure to traumatic events, development of post-traumatic stress disorder, and treatment-seeking for post-traumatic stress disorder in the United States. Psychological Medicine, 41, 71–83.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, C. M., Klenck, S. C., & Norton, P. J. (2010). Psychometric properties of the generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire for DSM-IV among four racial groups. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, 39(4), 251–261.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodebaugh, T. L., Holaway, R. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2008). The factor structure and dimensional scoring of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire for DSM-IV. Assessment, 15, 343–350.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roy-Byrne, P. P., Craske, M. G., Stein, M., Sullivan, G., Bystritsky, A., Katon, W., … Sherbourne, C. D. (2005). A randomized effectiveness trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy and medication for primary care panic disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62(3), 290–298.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, E. L., Winnie, E., & Heimberg, R. (2002). Ethnic differences in worry in a nonclinical population. Depression & Anxiety, 15(2), 79–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shek, D. T. L. (1988). Reliability and factorial structure of the Chinese version of the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 10, 303–317.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shen, Y. C., Zhang, M. Y., & Huang, Y. Q. (2006). Twelve-month prevalence, severity, and unmet need for treatment of mental disorders in metropolitan China. Psychological Medicine, 36, 257–267.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., Lushene, R., Vagg, P. R., & Jacobs, G. A. (1983). Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steer, R., Ranieri, W., Beck, A., & Clark, D. (1993). Further evidence for the validity of the anxiety inventory with psychiatric outpatients. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 7, 195–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sue, D., Sue, D. M., & Ino, S. (2001). Assertiveness and Social Anxiety Chinese-American Women. The Journal of Psychology, 124(2), 155–163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sumathipala, A., Siribaddana, S., & Bhugra, D. (2004). Culture-bound syndromes: The story of dhat syndrome. British Journal of Psychiatry, 184, 200–209.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takebayasi, Y., Koki, T., & Thugiura, N. (2012). Development of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire for DSM-IV (GAD-Q-IV) in Japanese. Legal Capacity and Psychiatric Diagnostics, 5, 89–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiwari, S. K., & Wang, J. (2006). The epidemiology of mental and substance use-related disorders among White, Chinese, and other Asian populations in Canada. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 904–912.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner, S. M., Beidel, D. C., Dancu, C. V., & Stanley, M. A. (1989). An empirically derived inventory to measure social fears and anxiety: The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory. Psychological Assessment, 1, 35–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Census Bureau. (2011). Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month: May 2010. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/newsroom/relases/archives/facts_for_features_special_editions/cb10-ff07.html

  • U.S. Department of Homeland Security. (2010). 2010 Yearbook of Immigration Statistics. Washington, DC: Office of Immigration Statistics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Virella, B., Arbona, C., & Novy, D. (1994). Psychometric properties and factor structure of the Spanish version of the state-trait anxiety inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 63(3), 401–412.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, M., Sui, D., Li, G., & Jie, H. (2010). Psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist-civilian version among junior school students from earthquake-hit region. Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science, 19(6), 566–568.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Z., Wang, X., & Jiang, K. (2007). Analysis of the clinical characters of first episode generalized anxiety disorder. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 19(3), 133–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, D., & Friend, R. (1969). Measurement of social-evaluation anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 448–457.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weathers, F., Litz, B., Herman, D., Huska, J., & Keane, T. (1993). The PTSD Checklist (PCL): Reliability, validity, and diagnostic utility. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of International Society for Posttraumatic Stress Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkins, K. C., Lang, A. J., & Norman, S. B. (2011). Synthesis of the psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist (PCL) military, civilian, and specific versions. Depression & Anxiety, 28(7), 596–606.

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Woodward, A. T., Taylor, R. J., McKeever, K. B., Aranda, M. P., Lincoln, K. D., & Chatters, L. M. (2011). Prevalence of lifetime DSM-IV affective disorders among older African Americans, Black Caribbeans, Latinos, Asians and Non-Hispanic White people. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 27, 816–827.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ye, D., Qian, M., Liu, X., & Chen, X. (2007). Revision of Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and Social Phobia Scale. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 15(2), 115–117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Youn, G., Knight, B. G., Jeong, H. S., & Benton, D. (1999). Differences in familism values and caregiving outcomes among Korean, Korean American, and White American dementia caregivers. Psychology and Aging, 14, 355–364.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhong, J., Wang, C., Li, J., & Liu, J. (2009). Penn State Worry Questionnaire: structure and psychometric properties of the Chinese version. Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B, 10(3), R749–B846.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA

    Jungeun Lee Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Jungeun Lee Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jungeun Lee Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Nevada and Northcentral University, Graduate School Faculty, Prescott Valley, AZ, USA, Reno, Nevada, USA

    Lorraine T. Benuto

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Nicholas S. Thaler

  3. Graduate School Faculty, Prescott Valley, AZ, USA, Lake's Crossing Center: Maximum Security Facility for Forensic Mental Health Services (Reno, NV) & Northcentral University, Reno, Nevada, USA

    Brian D. Leany

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lee, J. (2014). Assessment of Anxiety with Asians. In: Benuto, L., Thaler, N., Leany, B. (eds) Guide to Psychological Assessment with Asians. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0796-0_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation