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Genomic Applications in Head and Neck Cancers

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Genomic Applications in Pathology

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Abstract

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a biologically complex disease process with a heterogeneous collection of tumors in which multiple genes and pathways are altered. With the advancements in molecular and genetic research techniques and bioinformatics, there has been an explosion of new discoveries regarding the molecular biology and genetic alterations underpinning the pathogenesis of HNSCC. In this chapter, we review the specific genetic alterations in HNSCC and their clinical implications and future applications. The most common mutations in head and neck cancer, including the TP53, NOTCH1, EGFR, HRAS, PIK3CA, and CDKN2A/p16 genes, are discussed as well as human papillomavirus as the primary etiologic agent in oropharyngeal SCC. The main topics of discussions are focused around three clinical applications of cancer genomics in head and neck cancers—diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications.

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  1. Department of Otolaryngology — Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Sun M. Ahn & Nishant Agrawal

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  1. Sun M. Ahn
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  1. Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    George Jabboure Netto

  2. Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA

    Iris Schrijver

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Ahn, S.M., Agrawal, N. (2015). Genomic Applications in Head and Neck Cancers. In: Netto, G., Schrijver, I. (eds) Genomic Applications in Pathology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0727-4_22

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