Skip to main content

Disaster Planning for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Strengths, Weaknesses, and Interventions

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Disaster Preparedness for Seniors

Abstract

Older adults with diminished physical, cognitive, and economic resources are more vulnerable to adverse consequences than others during and after disasters. Disaster preparedness is a matter of critical concern as the population of older adults grows at the same time that hazardous events are occurring with greater frequency and severity across the country. Disaster planners must implement procedures for identifying the most vulnerable older adults so they can provide adequate and appropriate assistance. Several states and communities have developed promising models, such as recruiting active, involved older adults to identify and assist their less able older neighbors. This chapter reviews the existing literature and provides an overview of new and developing practices designed to strengthen existing systems and protect the well-being of elders.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Semple K, Goldstein J. How a beach community became a deathtrap. The New York Times. 2012. http://nytimes.com.

  2. Fink S. A Queens high-rise where fear, death and myth collided. The New York Times. 2012. http://nytimes.com.

  3. Lipton E, Moss M. Housing agency’s flaws revealed by storm. The New York Times. 2012. http://nytimes.com.

  4. Span P. Elderly, often less mobile, are more vulnerable in disasters. The New York Times. 2012. http://nytimes.com.

  5. Neumeister L. Storm was cruel to elderly who refused to evacuate. New York: The Associated Press; 2012. http://bigstory.ap.org/.

  6. Aldrich N, Benson WF. Disaster preparedness and the chronic disease needs of vulnerable older adults. Prev Chronic Dis. 2008;5(1):1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Benson WF. CDC’s disaster planning goal: protect vulnerable older adults. CDC Health Aging Program; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Leoni B. Japan quake took toll on women and elderly. Bangkok: United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction—Regional Office for Asia and Pacific; 2012. http://www.unisdr.org/archive/25598.

  9. Department of Health and Human Services. Program announcements: PAR-07-086, PAR-06-520, PAR-06-52. Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health (R01, R21, R03); 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Fernandez LS, Byard D, Lin CC, Benson S, Barbera JA. Frail elderly as disaster victims: emergency management strategies. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2002;17:67–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Tierney KJ, Lindell MK, Perry RW. Facing the unexpected: disaster preparedness and response in the United States. Washington, DC: John Henry Press; 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Dosa DM, Hyer K, Brown LM, Artenstein AW, Polivka-West L, Mor V. The controversy inherent in managing frail nursing home residents during complex hurrican emergencies. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2008;9:599–604.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Identifying vulnerable older adults and legal options for increasing their protection during all-hazards emergencies: a cross-sector guide for states and communities. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2012.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Brown LM, Rothman M, Norris F. Issues in mental health care for older adults during disasters. Generations. 2007;31(4):25–30.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Davis E. The emergency preparedness initiative: guide on the special needs of people with disabilities for emergency managers, planners, and responders. Washington, DC: National Organization on Disability’s Emergency Initiative Guide; 2004. http://www.nod.org. Accessed 18 February 2005.

  16. Gignac MA, Cott CA, Badley EM. Living with a chronic disabling illness and then some: data from the 1998 ice storm. Can J Aging. 2003;22(3):249–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rothman M, Brown LM. The vulnerable geriatric casualty: medical needs of frail older adults during disasters. Generations. 2007;31(4):20–4.

    Google Scholar 

  18. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. A profile of older Americans: 2011. AOA.gov. 2011. http://www.aoa.gov/aoaroot/aging_statistics/Profile/2011/docs/2011profile.pdf. Accessed 22 March 2013.

  19. U.S. Government Accountability Office. Federal disaster assistance: improved criteria needed to assess a jurisdiction’s capability to respond and recover on its own. GAO.gov. 2012. http://www.gao.gov/assets/650/648162.pdf. Accessed 19 March 2013.

  20. De Smet H, Lagadec P, Leysen J. Disasters out of the box: a new ballgame? J Contingencies Crisis Manag. 2012;20(3):138–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Brown LM, Hickling E, Frahm KA. Emergencies, disasters, and catastrophic events. Rehabil Nurs. 2010;35(6):236–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Butler AS, Panzer AM, Goldfrank LR. Preparing for the psychological consequences of terrorism: a public health strategy. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Fullerton CS, Ursano RJ, Norwood AE, Holloway HH. Tauma, terrorism and disaster. In: Ursano RJ, Fullerton CS, Norwood AE, editors. Terrorism and disaster: Individual and community mental health interventions. London: Cambridge University Press; 2003. p. 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Parkes CM. Postscript. In: Kauffman J, editor. Loss of the assumptive world: a theory of traumatic loss. New York: Brunner-Routledge; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Brown LM, Cohen D, Kohlmaier JR. Older adults and terrorism. In: Bongar B, Brown LM, Beutler L, Breckenridge J, Zimbardo P, editors. Psychology of terrorism. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007. p. 288–310.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Cloyd E, Dyer CB. Catastrophic events and older adults. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2010;22:501–13.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Logan JR. The impact of Katrina: race and class in storm-damaged neighborhoods. Providence, RI: Brown University; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Tomlinson SA. No New Orleanians left behind: an examination of the disparate impact of Hurricane Katrina on minorities. Conn Law Rev. 2005;38:1153–61.

    Google Scholar 

  29. The Council for Excellence in Government. Are we ready? Introducing the Public Readiness Index: a survey-based tool to measure the preparedness of individuals, families and communities. 2006. http://www.citizencorps.gov/downloads/pdf/ready/pri_report.pdf. Accessed 20 Feb 2013.

  30. Citizen Corps. Citizen corps personal behavior change model for disaster preparedness. Citizen Prep Rev. 2006;4:1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Löckenhoff CE, Carstensen LL. Socioemotional selectivity theory, aging, and health: the increasingly delicate balance between regulating emotions and making tough choices. J Personal. 2004;72(6):1395–424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Löckenhoff CE, Carstensen LL. Decision strategies in healthcare choices for self and others: older adults make adjustments for the age of the decision target, younger adults do not. J Gerontol Psychol Sci. 2008;63:106–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. O’Brien N. Emergency preparedness for older people (issue brief). New York: International Longevity Center USA; 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Fields RK. Severe stress in the elderly: Are older adults at increased risk for posttraumatic stress disorder? In: Ruskin PE, Talbott JA, editors. Aging and posttraumatic stress disorder. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1996. p. 79–100.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Mudur G. Aid agencies ignored special needs of elderly people after tsunami. BMJ. 2005;331(7514):422.

    Google Scholar 

  36. White House. The federal response to Hurricane Katrina: lessons learned. 2006. http://whitehouse.gov/reports/katrina-lessons-learned.

  37. Kaiser Family Foundation. Survey of Hurricane Katrina evacuees. 2005. http://www.kff.org/newsmedia/upload/7401.pdf.

  38. Brown LM, Bruce ML, Hyer K, Mills WL, Vongxaiburana E, Polivka-West L. A pilot study evaluating the feasibility of psychological first aid for nursing home residents. Clin Gerontol. 2009;32(3):293–308.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Norwood F. Promising practices for evacuating people with disabilities. Washington, DC: Inclusion Research Institute; 2011. http://www.ohsu.edu/xd/research/centers-institutes/institute-on-development-and-disability/public-health-programs/upload/Promising-Practices-final-1-21-2011.pdf.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lisa M. Brown Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Peterson, L., Brown, L.M. (2014). Disaster Planning for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Strengths, Weaknesses, and Interventions. In: Cefalu, C. (eds) Disaster Preparedness for Seniors. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0665-9_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0665-9_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-0664-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-0665-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics