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Studies on Respiratory Disorders pp 163–190Cite as

Pulmonary Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress

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Abstract

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by progressive fibrosis of the alveolar interstitium. The pathogenesis is thought to involve abnormal re-epithelialization and dysregulated remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) after alveolar injury. There is growing evidence through human and animal studies that oxidative stress plays a role in this dysregulation. Markers of oxidative stress have been identified in the lungs of IPF patients and aberrant antioxidant activity exacerbates pulmonary fibrosis in animal models. In addition, the ECM is a critical component in regulating cellular homeostasis and appropriate wound healing. Recent investigations support that the matrix is a target of oxidative stress in the lung and IPF. ECM degradation products, produced by reactive oxygen species, may promote fibrogenesis by influencing epithelial, mesenchymal, and inflammatory cell activity. The impact of the interactions of oxidative stress and the matrix of the lung remains unclear and may prove to be an important target for new therapies in IPF. Utilizing oxidative species, antioxidants, enzymes, or the tissue matrix as therapeutic targets to control oxidative stress in IPF will continue to be an area of active research and innovative discoveries in the coming years.

Kliment et al. “Oxidative stress, extracellular matrix targets, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.” FRBM, Sept. 2010.

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Abbreviations

BALF:

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid

ECSOD:

Extracellular superoxide dismutase

IPF:

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

MBD:

Matrix binding domain

MPO:

Myeloperoxidase

NAC:

N-acetylcysteine

RNS:

Reactive nitrogen species

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

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Acknowledgment

Portions of this writing were reprinted with permission from Elsevier Publishing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Corrine R. Kliment M.D., Ph.D.

  2. Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Tim D. Oury M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Corrine R. Kliment M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Corrine R. Kliment M.D., Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India

    Nirmal K. Ganguly

  2. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Educat, Chandigarh, India

    Surinder K. Jindal

  3. Department of Medicine and Oncology, Johns Hopkins College of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Shyam Biswal

  4. National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

    Peter J. Barnes

  5. Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan

    Ruby Pawankar

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Kliment, C.R., Oury, T.D. (2014). Pulmonary Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress. In: Ganguly, N., Jindal, S., Biswal, S., Barnes, P., Pawankar, R. (eds) Studies on Respiratory Disorders. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0497-6_10

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