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Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction: The Link Between Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Vascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes

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Studies in Diabetes

Abstract

Vascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress (OS) leading to the activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction play an important role in the development of vascular disease in patients with diabetes. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is very common in patients with type 2 diabetes and is associated with increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in the general public. Obstructive sleep apnoea shares many of the molecular consequences of hyperglycaemia such as oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Recent evidence suggests that OSA is associated with increased oxidative and nitrosative stress and endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, OSA is shown to be associated with diabetes-related microvascular complications in cross-sectional and prospective studies. Whether OSA treatment has favourable impact on hyperglycaemia-related molecular sequel and diabetes-related vascular disease remains unknown and needs to be examined. In this chapter, we will review the evidence for the relationship between DM and OS and between OSA, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, and we will highlight recent advances regarding the impact of OSA in patients with diabetes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK

    Abd A. Tahrani

  2. Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

    Abd A. Tahrani

  3. Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK

    Asad Ali

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Correspondence to Abd A. Tahrani .

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  1. Louisiana State University Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA

    Irina Obrosova

  2. Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Brimingham, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Birmingham, United Kingdom

    Martin J. Stevens

  3. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA

    Mark A. Yorek

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Tahrani, A.A., Ali, A. (2014). Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction: The Link Between Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Vascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes. In: Obrosova, I., Stevens, M., Yorek, M. (eds) Studies in Diabetes. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-8035-9_9

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