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Studying Lamins in Invertebrate Models

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Cancer Biology and the Nuclear Envelope

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 773))

Abstract

Lamins are nuclear intermediate filament proteins that are conserved in all multicellular animals. Proteins that resemble lamins are also found in unicellular organisms and in plants. Lamins form a proteinaceous meshwork that outlines the nucleoplasmic side of the inner nuclear membrane, while a small fraction of lamin molecules is also present in the nucleoplasm. They provide structural support for the nucleus and help regulate many other nuclear activities. Much of our knowledge on the function of nuclear lamins and their associated proteins comes from studies in invertebrate organisms and specifically in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. The simpler lamin system and the powerful genetic tools offered by these model organisms greatly promote such studies. Here we provide an overview of recent advances in the biology of invertebrate nuclear lamins, with special emphasis on their assembly, cellular functions and as models for studying the molecular basis underlying the pathology of human heritable diseases caused by mutations in lamins A/C.

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Abbreviations

EDMD:

Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy

IF:

Intermediate filament

INM:

Inner nuclear membrane

LINC:

Linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton

NLS:

Nuclear localization signal

NPC:

Nuclear pore complex

ONM:

Outer nuclear membrane

PEV:

Position effect variegation

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Acknowledgments

We thank Yuval Reiss and other members of the Gruenbaum laboratory for critical comments on the manuscript. We also thank Nataly Levi for the assistance in preparation of the Fig. 1. We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Morasha Legacy 1798/10, Israel Ministry of Health (MOH 2965), the Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA), the Israeli Science Foundation, the Binational Israel-USA Science Foundation (BSF 2007215), and the COST NANONET (BM1002).

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  1. Department of Genetics, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel

    Roman Lyakhovetsky & Yosef Gruenbaum

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  1. Roman Lyakhovetsky
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  2. Yosef Gruenbaum
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Correspondence to Yosef Gruenbaum .

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  1. University of Edinburgh Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

    Eric C. Schirmer

  2. University of Edinburgh Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

    Jose I. de las Heras

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Lyakhovetsky, R., Gruenbaum, Y. (2014). Studying Lamins in Invertebrate Models. In: Schirmer, E., de las Heras, J. (eds) Cancer Biology and the Nuclear Envelope. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 773. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-8032-8_11

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