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Epidemiology of End-Stage Renal Disease

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Core Concepts in Dialysis and Continuous Therapies

Abstract

The prevalence and incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) continues to rise worldwide. Given the increasing burden of conditions that cause kidney failure, such as diabetes and hypertension, this pattern is likely to persist. International differences in prevalence and incidence rates can be explained by many mechanisms, including economic differences, cultural values, medical resource allocation, and medical knowledge among at-risk populations. In developing nations, where dialysis may become increasingly available, tremendous increases in the treated ESRD population are possible. This creates a new challenge of coping with the costs associated with ESRD therapies, particularly in low-income countries. Financial differences may affect dialysis modality and delivery, creating a difference in regional preferences for kidney replacement therapy. In this chapter, we explore these international practice pattern differences and how this shapes the epidemiology of ESRD worldwide.

Unfortunately, mortality rates remain high among dialysis patients, although recent data suggest some improvement in outcomes. While transplant appears to be the optimal form of kidney replacement therapy for many younger patients with longer life expectancy, there appears to be little difference in survival between in-center hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis (PD), making individualized patient preference paramount in deciding between these modalities. Outcomes-based measures on a global perspective will be helpful in determining the focus of research and optimal clinical management to ensure best practice for this population.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    Daniel E. Weiner MD, MS

  2. Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

    Amanda K. Leonberg-Yoo BS, MD

Authors
  1. Amanda K. Leonberg-Yoo BS, MD
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  2. Daniel E. Weiner MD, MS
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniel E. Weiner MD, MS .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

    Colm C. Magee

  2. Department of Medicine/Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, BOSTON, Massachusetts, USA

    J. Kevin Tucker

  3. Global and Continuing Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Ajay K. Singh

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Leonberg-Yoo, A., Weiner, D. (2016). Epidemiology of End-Stage Renal Disease. In: Magee, C., Tucker, J., Singh, A. (eds) Core Concepts in Dialysis and Continuous Therapies. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7657-4_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7657-4_1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-7655-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-7657-4

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