Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Nocturnal Non-Invasive Ventilation pp 135–161Cite as

Nocturnal Noninvasive Ventilation in Children

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

Pediatric sleep medicine, including pediatric sleep breathing disorders, has markedly evolved over the past several decades and has been accompanied by major developments in our understanding of such disorders, their diagnosis, and treatment. The resulting consensus in the diagnostic approach has led to improved recognition and subsequent “increase” in the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in children. However, there still remains a lack of consensus in the selection of the optimal management strategy, including noninvasive ventilation (NIV). In this chapter, we present a review of the various indications of NIV in children, an empirically driven proposal on how to implement NIV, and finally an update on advances in NIV and their applications to children.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Marcus CL, Radcliffe J, Konstantinopoulou S, et al. Effects of positive airway pressure therapy on neurobehavioral outcomes in children with obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012;185:998–1003.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Robert D, Argaud L. Non-invasive positive ventilation in the treatment of sleep-related breathing disorders. Sleep Med. 2007;8:441–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kirk VG, O’Donnell AR. Continuous positive airway pressure for children: a discussion on how to maximize compliance. Sleep Med Rev. 2006;10:119–27.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Sullivan CE, Issa FG, Berthon-Jones M, Eves L. Reversal of obstructive sleep apnoea by continuous positive airway pressure applied through the nares. Lancet. 1981;1:862–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Deegan PC, Nolan P, Carey M, McNicholas WT. Effects of positive airway pressure on upper airway dilator muscle activity and ventilatory timing. J Appl Physiol. 1996;81:470–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Palombini L, Pelayo R, Guilleminault C. Efficacy of automated continuous positive airway pressure in children with sleep-related breathing disorders in an attended setting. Pediatrics. 2004;113:e412–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Marshall MJ, Bucks RS, Hogan AM, et al. Auto-adjusting positive airway pressure in children with sickle cell anemia: results of a phase I randomized controlled trial. Haematologica. 2009;94:1006–10.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Liner LH, Marcus CL. Ventilatory management of sleep-disordered breathing in children. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2006;18:272–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Berry RB, Chediak A, Brown LK, et al. Best clinical practices for the sleep center adjustment of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) in stable chronic alveolar hypoventilation syndromes. J Clin Sleep Med JCSM Off Publ Am Acad Sleep Med. 2010;6:491–509.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Murphy PB, Davidson C, Hind MD, et al. Volume targeted versus pressure support non-invasive ventilation in patients with super obesity and chronic respiratory failure: a randomised controlled trial. Thorax. 2012;67:727–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Vagiakis E, Koutsourelakis I, Perraki E, et al. Average volume-assured pressure support in a 16-year-old girl with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. J Clin Sleep Med JCSM Off Publ Am Acad Sleep Med. 2010;6:609–12.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Younes M, Puddy A, Roberts D, et al. Proportional assist ventilation. Results of an initial clinical trial. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992;145:121–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Liet JM, Dejode JM, Joram N, Gaillard-Le Roux B, Betremieux P, Roze JC. Respiratory support by neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) in severe RSV-related bronchiolitis: a case series report. BMC Pediatr. 2011;11:92.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Alander M, Peltoniemi O, Pokka T, Kontiokari T. Comparison of pressure-, flow-, and NAVA-triggering in pediatric and neonatal ventilatory care. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012;47:76–83.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Teschler H, Dohring J, Wang YM, Berthon-Jones M. Adaptive pressure support servo-ventilation: a novel treatment for Cheyne-Stokes respiration in heart failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164:614–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Fabbri M, Vetrugno R, Provini F, Bosi M, Santucci M. Breathing instability in Joubert syndrome. Mov Disord. 2012;27:64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kamdar BB, Nandkumar P, Krishnan V, Gamaldo CE, Collop NA. Self-reported sleep and breathing disturbances in Joubert syndrome. Pediatr Neurol. 2011;45:395–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Richards GN, Cistulli PA, Ungar RG, Berthon-Jones M, Sullivan CE. Mouth leak with nasal continuous positive airway pressure increases nasal airway resistance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996;154:182–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. O’Brien LM, Holbrook CR, Mervis CB, et al. Sleep and neurobehavioral characteristics of 5- to 7-year-old children with parentally reported symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics. 2003;111:554–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Blunden S, Lushington K, Lorenzen B, Wong J, Balendran R, Kennedy D. Symptoms of sleep breathing disorders in children are underreported by parents at general practice visits. Sleep Breath. 2003;7:167–76.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Kaditis AG, Finder J, Alexopoulos EI, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing in 3,680 Greek children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004;37:499–509.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Lofstrand-Tidestrom B, Hultcrantz E. The development of snoring and sleep related breathing distress from 4 to 6 years in a cohort of Swedish children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2007;71:1025–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Montgomery-Downs HE, O’Brien LM, Holbrook CR, Gozal D. Snoring and sleep-disordered breathing in young children: subjective and objective correlates. Sleep. 2004;27:87–94.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Rosen CL, Larkin EK, Kirchner HL, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing in 8- to 11-year-old children: association with race and prematurity. J Pediatr. 2003;142:383–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Schlaud M, Urschitz MS, Urschitz-Duprat PM, Poets CF. The German study on sleep-disordered breathing in primary school children: epidemiological approach, representativeness of study sample, and preliminary screening results. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2004;18:431–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Spruyt K, O’Brien LM, Macmillan Coxon AP, Cluydts R, Verleye G, Ferri R. Multidimensional scaling of pediatric sleep breathing problems and bio-behavioral correlates. Sleep Med. 2006;7:269–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Gozal D, Hakim F, Kheirandish-Gozal L. Chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, and autonomic deregulation in children with obstructive sleep apnea. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2013;185:177–85.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Gozal D. Sleep-disordered breathing and school performance in children. Pediatrics. 1998;102:616–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Gozal D, Crabtree VM, Sans Capdevila O, Witcher LA, Kheirandish-Gozal L. C-reactive protein, obstructive sleep apnea, and cognitive dysfunction in school-aged children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;176:188–93.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Ali NJ, Pitson DJ, Stradling JR. Snoring, sleep disturbance, and behaviour in 4–5 year olds. Arch Dis Child. 1993;68:360–6.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Chervin RD, Archbold KH, Dillon JE, et al. Inattention, hyperactivity, and symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing. Pediatrics. 2002;109:449–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Chervin RD, Dillon JE, Bassetti C, Ganoczy DA, Pituch KJ. Symptoms of sleep disorders, inattention, and hyperactivity in children. Sleep. 1997;20:1185–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Marcotte AC, Thacher PV, Butters M, Bortz J, Acebo C, Carskadon MA. Parental report of sleep problems in children with attentional and learning disorders. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1998;19:178–86.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Owens J, Spirito A, Marcotte A, McGuinn M, Berkelhammer L. Neuropsychological and behavioral correlates of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children: a preliminary study. Sleep Breath. 2000;4:67–78.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Gozal D, Capdevila OS, Kheirandish-Gozal L. Metabolic alterations and systemic inflammation in obstructive sleep apnea among nonobese and obese prepubertal children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;177:1142–9.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Gozal D, Pope DW Jr. Snoring during early childhood and academic performance at ages thirteen to fourteen years. Pediatrics. 2001;107:1394–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Bhattacharjee R, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Pillar G, Gozal D. Cardiovascular complications of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: evidence from children. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2009;51:416–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Gozal D, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Serpero LD, Sans Capdevila O, Dayyat E. Obstructive sleep apnea and endothelial function in school-aged nonobese children: effect of adenotonsillectomy. Circulation. 2007;116:2307–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Amin R, Somers VK, McConnell K, et al. Activity-adjusted 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and cardiac remodeling in children with sleep disordered breathing. Hypertension. 2008;51:84–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Leung LC, Ng DK, Lau MW, et al. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory BP in snoring children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Chest. 2006;130:1009–17.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Guilleminault C, Khramsov A, Stoohs RA, et al. Abnormal blood pressure in prepubertal children with sleep-disordered breathing. Pediatr Res. 2004;55:76–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Marcus CL, Greene MG, Carroll JL. Blood pressure in children with obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998;157:1098–103.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Sofer S, Weinhouse E, Tal A, et al. Cor pulmonale due to adenoidal or tonsillar hypertrophy or both in children. Noninvasive diagnosis and follow-up. Chest. 1988;93:119–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Tal A, Leiberman A, Margulis G, Sofer S. Ventricular dysfunction in children with obstructive sleep apnea: radionuclide assessment. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1988;4:139–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Marcus CL, McColley SA, Carroll JL, Loughlin GM, Smith PL, Schwartz AR. Upper airway collapsibility in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J Appl Physiol. 1994;77:918–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Arens R, Marcus CL. Pathophysiology of upper airway obstruction: a developmental perspective. Sleep. 2004;27:997–1019.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Wang RC, Elkins TP, Keech D, Wauquier A, Hubbard D. Accuracy of clinical evaluation in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1998;118:69–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Ogden CL, Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Johnson CL. Prevalence and trends in overweight among US children and adolescents, 1999–2000. JAMA. 2002;288:1728–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Wang Y, Lobstein T. Worldwide trends in childhood overweight and obesity. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2006;1:11–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Lobstein T, Jackson-Leach R. Child overweight and obesity in the USA: prevalence rates according to IOTF definitions. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2007;2:62–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Ievers-Landis CE, Redline S. Pediatric sleep apnea: implications of the epidemic of childhood overweight. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;175:436–41.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Redline S, Tishler PV, Schluchter M, Aylor J, Clark K, Graham G. Risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing in children. Associations with obesity, race, and respiratory problems. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159:1527–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Kaditis AG, Alexopoulos EI, Hatzi F, et al. Adiposity in relation to age as predictor of severity of sleep apnea in children with snoring. Sleep Breath. 2008;12:25–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Rudnick EF, Walsh JS, Hampton MC, Mitchell RB. Prevalence and ethnicity of sleep-disordered breathing and obesity in children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;137:878–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Tauman R, Gozal D. Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea in children. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2006;7:247–59.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Verhulst SL, Schrauwen N, Haentjens D, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing in overweight and obese children and adolescents: prevalence, characteristics and the role of fat distribution. Arch Dis Child. 2007;92:205–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Dayyat E, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Sans Capdevila O, Maarafeya MM, Gozal D. Obstructive sleep apnea in children: relative contributions of body mass index and adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Chest. 2009;136:137–44.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Dayyat E, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Gozal D. Childhood Obstructive Sleep Apnea: One or Two Distinct Disease Entities? Sleep Med Clin. 2007;2:433–44.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Schechter MS. Technical report: diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Pediatrics. 2002;109:e69.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Marcus CL, Brooks LJ, Draper KA, et al. Diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Pediatrics. 2012;130:e714–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Lipton AJ, Gozal D. Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children: do we really know how? Sleep Med Rev. 2003;7:61–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Brietzke SE, Gallagher D. The effectiveness of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in the treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome: a meta-analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;134:979–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Berry RB, Brooks R, Gamaldo CD, Harding SM, Marcus CL, Vaugh BV. The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events: rules, terminology and technical specifications, Version 2.0.1. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Friedman M, Wilson M, Lin HC, Chang HW. Updated systematic review of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy for treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;140:800–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Costa DJ, Mitchell R. Adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea in obese children: a meta-analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;140:455–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Bhattacharjee R, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Spruyt K, et al. Adenotonsillectomy outcomes in treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children: a multicenter retrospective study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;182:676–83.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Goodwin JL, Vasquez MM, Silva GE, Quan SF. Incidence and remission of sleep-disordered breathing and related symptoms in 6- to 17-year old children–the Tucson children’s assessment of sleep apnea study. J Pediatr. 157:57–61.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Marcus CL, Moore RH, Rosen CL, et al. A randomized trial of adenotonsillectomy for childhood sleep apnea. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:2366–76.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, Lamb MM, Flegal KM. Prevalence of high body mass index in US children and adolescents, 2007–2008. JAMA. 2010;303:242–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Gozal D, Kheirandish-Gozal L. The multiple challenges of obstructive sleep apnea in children: morbidity and treatment. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2008;20:654–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Guilleminault C, Nino-Murcia G, Heldt G, Baldwin R, Hutchinson D. Alternative treatment to tracheostomy in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: nasal continuous positive airway pressure in young children. Pediatrics. 1986;78:797–802.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Marcus CL, Ward SL, Mallory GB, et al. Use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure as treatment of childhood obstructive sleep apnea. J Pediatr. 1995;127:88–94.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Marcus CL, Rosen G, Ward SL, et al. Adherence to and effectiveness of positive airway pressure therapy in children with obstructive sleep apnea. Pediatrics. 2006;117:e442–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Uong EC, Epperson M, Bathon SA, Jeffe DB. Adherence to nasal positive airway pressure therapy among school-aged children and adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Pediatrics. 2007;120:e1203–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Marcus CL, Beck SE, Traylor J, et al. Randomized, double-blind clinical trial of two different modes of positive airway pressure therapy on adherence and efficacy in children. J Clin Sleep Med: JCSM: Off Publ Am Acad Sleep Med. 2012;8:37–42.

    Google Scholar 

  76. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The international classification of sleep disorders: diagnostic & coding manual. 2nd ed. Westchester: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Montgomery-Downs HE, O'Brien LM, Gulliver TE, Gozal D. Polysomnographic characteristics in normal preschool and early school-aged children. Pediatrics. 2006;117:741–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Marcus CL, Omlin KJ, Basinki DJ, et al. Normal polysomnographic values for children and adolescents. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992;146:1235–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Uliel S, Tauman R, Greenfeld M, Sivan Y. Normal polysomnographic respiratory values in children and adolescents. Chest. 2004;125:872–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Traeger N, Schultz B, Pollock AN, Mason T, Marcus CL, Arens R. Polysomnographic values in children 2–9 years old: additional data and review of the literature. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2005;40:22–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Finder JD, Birnkrant D, Carl J, et al. Respiratory care of the patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: ATS consensus statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;170:456–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Arens R, Muzumdar H. Sleep, sleep disordered breathing, and nocturnal hypoventilation in children with neuromuscular diseases. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2010;11:24–30.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Ono S, Takahashi K, Jinnai K, et al. Loss of catecholaminergic neurons in the medullary reticular formation in myotonic dystrophy. Neurology. 1998;51:1121–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Gozal D, Thiriet P. Respiratory muscle training in neuromuscular disease: long-term effects on strength and load perception. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31:1522–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Pruna L, Chatelin J, Pascal-Vigneron V, Kaminsky P. Regional body composition and functional impairment in patients with myotonic dystrophy. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44:503–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Kim HK, Laor T, Horn PS, Racadio JM, Wong B, Dardzinski BJ. T2 mapping in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: distribution of disease activity and correlation with clinical assessments. Radiology. 2010;255:899–908.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Mok E, Letellier G, Cuisset JM, Denjean A, Gottrand F, Hankard R. Assessing change in body composition in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis versus dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clin Nutr. 2010;29:633–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Gozal D. Pulmonary manifestations of neuromuscular disease with special reference to Duchenne muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2000;29:141–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Finder JDA. Perspective on the 2004 American Thoracic Society statement, “respiratory care of the patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy”. Pediatrics. 2009;123(Suppl 4):S239–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Vanasse M, Pare H, Zeller R. Medical and psychosocial considerations in rehabilitation care of childhood neuromuscular diseases. Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;113:1491–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Bushby K, Finkel R, Birnkrant DJ, et al. Diagnosis and management of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, part 2: implementation of multidisciplinary care. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9:177–89.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Phillips MF, Smith PE, Carroll N, Edwards RH, Calverley PM. Nocturnal oxygenation and prognosis in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;160:198–202.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Labanowski M, Schmidt-Nowara W, Guilleminault C. Sleep and neuromuscular disease: frequency of sleep-disordered breathing in a neuromuscular disease clinic population. Neurology. 1996;47:1173–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Petrone A, Pavone M, Testa MB, Petreschi F, Bertini E, Cutrera R. Noninvasive ventilation in children with spinal muscular atrophy types 1 and 2. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;86:216–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Bach JR, Baird JS, Plosky D, Navado J, Weaver B. Spinal muscular atrophy type 1: management and outcomes. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2002;34:16–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Bach JR, Rajaraman R, Ballanger F, et al. Neuromuscular ventilatory insufficiency: effect of home mechanical ventilators use v oxygen therapy on pneumonia and hospitalization rates. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1998;77:8–19.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Bach JR, Martinez D. Duchenne muscular dystrophy: continuous noninvasive ventilatory support prolongs survival. Respir Care. 2011;56:744–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Mellies U, Ragette R, Dohna Schwake C, Boehm H, Voit T, Teschler H. Long-term noninvasive ventilation in children and adolescents with neuromuscular disorders. Eur Respir J. 2003;22:631–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Young HK, Lowe A, Fitzgerald DA, et al. Outcome of noninvasive ventilation in children with neuromuscular disease. Neurology. 2007;68:198–201.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Perez A, Mulot R, Vardon G, Barois A, Gallego J. Thoracoabdominal pattern of breathing in neuromuscular disorders. Chest. 1996;110:454–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Mellins RB, Balfour HH Jr, Turino GM, Winters RW. Failure of automatic control of ventilation (Ondine’s curse). Report of an infant born with this syndrome and review of the literature. Medicine. 1970;49:487–504.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Gozal D. Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome: an update. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1998;26:273–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Deonna T, Arczynska W, Torrado A. Congenital failure of automatic ventilation (Ondine’s curse). A case report. J Pediatr. 1974;84:710–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Minutillo C, Pemberton PJ, Goldblatt J. Hirschsprung’s disease and Ondine’s curse: further evidence for a distinct syndrome. Clin Genet. 1989;36:200–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Haddad GG, Mazza NM, Defendini R, et al. Congenital failure of automatic control of ventilation, gastrointestinal motility and heart rate. 1978;57:517–26.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Vanderlaan M, Holbrook CR, Wang M, Tuell A, Gozal D. Epidemiologic survey of 196 patients with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004;37:217–29.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Swaminathan S, Gilsanz V, Atkinson J, Keens TG. Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome associated with multiple ganglioneuromas. Chest. 1989;96:423–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Rohrer T, Trachsel D, Engelcke G, Hammer J. Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome associated with Hirschsprung’s disease and neuroblastoma: case of multiple neurocristopathies. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2002;33:71–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Amiel J, Laudier B, Attie-Bitach T, et al. Polyalanine expansion and frameshift mutations of the paired-like homeobox gene PHOX2B in congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. Nat Genet. 2003;33:459–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Pattyn A, Morin X, Cremer H, Goridis C, Brunet JF. The homeobox gene Phox2b is essential for the development of autonomic neural crest derivatives. Nature. 1999;399:366–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Weese-Mayer DE, Berry-Kravis EM, Ceccherini I, Keens TG, Loghmanee DA, Trang H. An official ATS clinical policy statement: congenital central hypoventilation syndrome: genetic basis, diagnosis, and management. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;181:626–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Weese-Mayer DE, Rand CM, Berry-Kravis EM, et al. Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome from past to future: model for translational and transitional autonomic medicine. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009;44:521–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Idiopathic congenital central hypoventilation syndrome: diagnosis and management. American Thoracic Society. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;160:368–73.

    Google Scholar 

  114. Weese-Mayer DE, Berry-Kravis EM, Zhou L. Adult identified with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome–mutation in PHOX2b gene and late-onset CHS. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171:88.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Tibballs J, Henning RD. Noninvasive ventilatory strategies in the management of a newborn infant and three children with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2003;36:544–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Migliori C, Cavazza A, Motta M, Bottino R, Chirico G. Early use of Nasal-BiPAP in two infants with Congenital Central Hypoventilation syndrome. Acta Paediatr. 2003;92:823–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Juhl B, Norregaard FO. Congenital central hypoventilation–treated with nocturnal biphasic intermittent respiration via nasal mask. Ugeskr Laeger. 1995;157:1683–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Villa MP, Dotta A, Castello D, et al. Bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP) ventilation in an infant with central hypoventilation syndrome. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1997;24:66–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Ramesh P, Boit P, Samuels M. Mask ventilation in the early management of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2008;93:F400–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Schafer T, Schafer C, Schlafke ME. From tracheostomy to non-invasive mask ventilation: a study in children with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. Med Klin. 1999;94:66–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Nielson DW, Black PG. Mask ventilation in congenital central alveolar hypoventilation syndrome. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1990;9:44–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Kam K, Bjornson C, Mitchell I. Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome; Safety of early transition to non-invasive ventilation. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  123. Fishman LS, Samson JH, Sperling DR. Primary Alveolar Hypoventilation Syndrome (Ondine’s Curse). Am J Dis Child. 1965;110:155–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Ize-Ludlow D, Gray JA, Sperling MA, et al. Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation presenting in childhood. Pediatrics. 2007;120:e179–88.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Patwari PP, Rand CM, Berry-Kravis EM, Ize-Ludlow D, Weese-Mayer DE. Monozygotic twins discordant for ROHHAD phenotype. Pediatrics. 2011;128:e711–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Katz ES, McGrath S, Marcus CL. Late-onset central hypoventilation with hypothalamic dysfunction: a distinct clinical syndrome. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2000;29:62–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Luccoli L, Ellena M, Esposito I, Bignamini E, Gregoretti C. Noninvasive ventilation in a child with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD). Minerva Anestesiol. 2012;78:1171–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Rosen GM, Bendel AE, Neglia JP, Moertel CL, Mahowald M. Sleep in children with neoplasms of the central nervous system: case review of 14 children. Pediatrics. 2003;112:e46–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Hershberger ML, Chidekel A. Arnold-Chiari malformation type I and sleep-disordered breathing: an uncommon manifestation of an important pediatric problem. J Pediatr Health Care. 2003;17:190–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  130. Addo NK, Javadpour S, Kandasamy J, Sillifant P, May P, Sinha A. Central sleep apnea and associated Chiari malformation in children with syndromic craniosynostosis: treatment and outcome data from a supraregional national craniofacial center. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2013;11:296–301.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  131. Spence J, Pasterkamp H, McDonald PJ. Isolated central sleep apnea in type I Chiari malformation: improvement after surgery. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010;45:1141–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  132. d’Orsi G, Demaio V, Scarpelli F, Calvario T, Minervini MG. Central sleep apnoea in Rett syndrome. Neurol Sci. 2009;30:389–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. Gaultier C. Apnea and sleep state in newborns and infants. Biol Neonate. 1994;65:231–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  134. DiFeo N, Meltzer LJ, Beck SE, et al. Predictors of positive airway pressure therapy adherence in children: a prospective study. J Clin Sleep Med JCSM Offic Publ Am Acad Sleep Med. 2012;8:279–86.

    Google Scholar 

  135. O’Donnell AR, Bjornson CL, Bohn SG, Kirk VG. Compliance rates in children using noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure. Sleep. 2006;29:651–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  136. Downey R 3rd, Perkin RM, MacQuarrie J. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure use in children with obstructive sleep apnea younger than 2 years of age. Chest. 2000;117:1608–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  137. Kheirandish-Gozal L, Sans Capdevila O, Kheirandish E, Gozal D. Elevated serum aminotransferase levels in children at risk for obstructive sleep apnea. Chest. 2008;133:92–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  138. Simon SL, Duncan CL, Janicke DM, Wagner MH. Barriers to treatment of paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea: Development of the adherence barriers to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) questionnaire. Sleep Med. 2012;13:172–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. Sawyer AM, Gooneratne NS, Marcus CL, Ofer D, Richards KC, Weaver TE. A systematic review of CPAP adherence across age groups: clinical and empiric insights for developing CPAP adherence interventions. Sleep Med Rev. 2011;15:343–56.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  140. Koontz KL, Slifer KJ, Cataldo MD, Marcus CL. Improving pediatric compliance with positive airway pressure therapy: the impact of behavioral intervention. Sleep. 2003;26:1010–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  141. Beebe DW, Byars KC. Adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea adhere poorly to positive airway pressure (PAP), but PAP users show improved attention and school performance. PloS one. 2011;6:e16924.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Nixon GM, Mihai R, Verginis N, Davey MJ. Patterns of continuous positive airway pressure adherence during the first 3 months of treatment in children. J Pediatr. 2011;159:802–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  143. Rains JC. Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in pediatric patients. Behavioral intervention for compliance with nasal continuous positive airway pressure. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1995;34:535–41.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Kushida CA, Chediak A, Berry RB, et al. Clinical guidelines for the manual titration of positive airway pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med JCSM Off Publ Am Acad Sleep Med. 2008;4:157–71.

    Google Scholar 

  145. Tapia IE, Marcus CL. Newer treatment modalities for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2013;14:199–203.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC 4064, 60637, Chicago, IL, USA

    Rakesh Bhattacharjee MD

  2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    David Gozal MD

Authors
  1. Rakesh Bhattacharjee MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. David Gozal MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rakesh Bhattacharjee MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Director, Cardiopulmonary Sleep & Ventilatory Disorders Center, New York, New York, USA

    Robert C. Basner

  2. University of Arizona Medical Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA

    Sairam Parthasarathy

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bhattacharjee, R., Gozal, D. (2015). Nocturnal Noninvasive Ventilation in Children. In: Basner, R., Parthasarathy, S. (eds) Nocturnal Non-Invasive Ventilation. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7624-6_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7624-6_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-7623-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-7624-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation