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Nonlinear Viscoelasticity

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Abstract

Because Young’s modulus of most polymers is relatively low compared to other structural materials such as metals, concrete, ceramics, etc., strains and deformations may be relatively large. A casual glance at the stress-strain response of polycarbonate given in Fig. 3.7 indicates that the strain at yield is about 5 % and at failure is more than 60 %. Further, examination of the creep response of polycarbonate (Brinson 1973) as discussed in Chap. 11 indicates nonlinear behavior for strains larger than about 3 % and the material begins to neck or yield (Luder’s bands form) for strains larger than about 5 %. Obviously, polycarbonate as well as other polymers with similar behavior cannot be considered to be linear for such circumstances. For these reasons, it is appropriate to have basic understanding of nonlinear processes in order to be able to design structures made of polymeric materials. The intent here is to give basic definitions that will assist in identifying nonlinear effects when they occur and to review several nonlinear approaches.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    * See Hiel for references. The 1948 Rabotnov paper and the Kotunov paper are in Russian journals and are not available to the authors.

  2. 2.

    * See Chap. 7 for a brief thermodynamic description of Gibbs and Helmholz free energies.

  3. 3.

    * A time-moisture-superposition-principle is discussed, for example, by Crossman and Flaggs (1978). See also, Flaggs and Crossman (1981).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Asheville, NC, USA

    Hal F. Brinson (Professor Emeritus)

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA

    L. Catherine Brinson

Authors
  1. Hal F. Brinson
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  2. L. Catherine Brinson
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Brinson, H.F., Brinson, L.C. (2015). Nonlinear Viscoelasticity. In: Polymer Engineering Science and Viscoelasticity. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7485-3_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7485-3_10

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