Abstract
Neurological diseases are often associated with changes in cognition and behavior. These changes can be evaluated through a battery of standardized measures that possess a high degree of predictive validity. Neuropsychological assessment can assist with diagnosis, as the pattern of scores obtained on testing can help differentiate between various conditions. Results from neuropsychological testing are often used to assist in treatment planning and care for patients. Characterizing an individual’s specific cognitive strengths and weaknesses and identifying psychiatric or emotional conditions that may be a factor in one’s functional status can contribute to the development of a management plan.
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Glossary
- Alexia
-
Loss or impairment of the ability to read.
- Anomia
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The inability to name objects or to recognize the written or spoken names of objects.
- Agraphia
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An acquired disorder of writing or spelling.
- Aphasia
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Acquired language impairment resulting from neurologic damage.
- Declarative (explicit) memory
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Events, experiences, or facts that can be consciously recalled, such as episodic or semantic events.
- Measurement error
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The difference between the actual value of a quantity and the value obtained by a test.
- Nondeclarative (implicit) memory
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Memory that is altered without conscious mediation, such as procedural memory, priming, and classical conditioning.
- Phonemic paraphasia
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Substitution of a word that sounds similar to the intended word (kite for mite)
- Semantic paraphasia
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Substitution of a related word for the intended word (wife for husband)
- Stimulus-bound behavior
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Difficulty disengaging or focusing attention or behavior from one stimulus in the perceptual field to another.
- Malingering
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Intentionally feigning or exaggerating symptoms for external gain.
- Pseudodementia
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A psychiatric condition that resembles dementia. Often results from depression but may be associated with other psychiatric disorders.
- Utilization behavior
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The act of grasping or using objects that are within reach or in the field of vision, regardless of whether they are related to the present task. Associated with bilateral frontal lesions, particularly inferior frontal lesions.
- Working memory
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A limited capacity system that stores information temporarily so as to allow for its manipulation, especially with complex tasks such as learning.
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Caccappolo, E. (2015). The Neuropsychological Evaluation. In: Goldman, J. (eds) Genetic Counseling for Adult Neurogenetic Disease. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7482-2_26
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7482-2_26
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