Abstract
RNA occurs in the cytoplasm of all cells and is present in particularly large amounts in cells in which rapid protein synthesis is occurring, either for secretion or growth (Chapter 11). Its presence has been demonstrated1 by chemical methods, by ultra-violet spectroscopy and by staining methods, combined with the action of ribo-nuclease to distinguish between DNA and RNA. Relatively small amounts of RNA have also been detected in the nucleolus of the nucleus.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Chargaff, E. and Davidson, J. N., (ed.) The Nucleic Acids, Vol. 2, Chapts. 16–19. New York; Academic Press, 1955
Levene, P. A. and Bass, L. W. Nucleic Acids. New York; Chemical Catalog Co., 1931
Loring, H. S. In The Nucleic Acids, (Ed. Chargaff and Davidson), Vol. 1, p. 191. New York; Academic Press, 1955
Brown, D. M. and Todd, A. R. Ann. Rev. Biochem., 1955, 24, 311; in The Nucleic Acids, (Ed. Chargaff and Davidson), Vol. 1, p. 409. New York; Academic Press, 1955
Jordan, D. O. The Chemistry of the Nucleic Acids. London; Butterworths, 1960
Littlefield, J. W. and Dunn, D. B. Biochem. J., 1958, 70, 642; Smith, J. D. and Dunn, D. B. Biochem. J., 1959, 72, 294; Cohn, W. E. J. Biol. Chem., 1960, 235, 1488
Overend, W. G. and Stacey, M. In The Nucleic Acids, (Ed. Chargaff and Davidson), Vol. 1, p. 9. New York; Academic Press, 1955
Peacocke, A. R. Chem. Soc. Special Publ, 1957, No. 8, p. 139
Hoagland, M. B., Stephenson, M. L., Scott, J. F., Hecht, L. I. and Zamecnik, P. C. J. biol. Chem., 1958, 231, 241; Berg, P. and Ofengand, E. J. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 1958, 44, 78; Berg, P., Bergmann, F. H., Ofengand, E. J. and Dieckmann, M. J. biol. Chem., 1961, 236, 1726; and other references (Chapter 11); reviewed by Hoagland, M. B. Proc. IVth Inter. Congr. Biochem., Vol. 8, p. 199. Oxford; Pergamon Press, 1959
Tissieres, A. J. mol. Biol., 1959, 1, 365; Brown, G. L. and Zubay, G. J. mol Biol, 1960, 2, 287
Ofengand, E. J., Dieckmann, M. and Berg, P., J. biol. Chem., 1961, 236, 1741; Hecht, L. I, Zamecnik, P. C., Stephenson, M. L. and Scott, J. F. J. biol. Chem., 1958, 233, 954; Monier, R., Stephenson, M. L. and Zamecnik, P. C. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1960, 43, 1; Dunn, D. B., Smith, J. D. and Spahr, P. F. J. mol Biol, 1960, 2, 113; Fuller, W. J. mol Biol, 1961, 3, 175
Apgar, J., Holley, R. W. and Merrill, S. H. J. Biol Chem., 1962, 237, 796; Holley, R. W., Apgar, J., Everett, G. A., Madison, J. T., Merrill, S. H. and Zamir, A. Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol 1963, 28, 117
Karau, W. and Zachau, H. G. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1964, 91, 549; Thiebe, R. and Zachau, H. G., ibid., 1965, 103, 568; Melchers, F. and Zachau, H. G., ibid., 1965, 95, 380; Zachau, H., Dütting, D. and Feldman, H. Hoppe Seyler’s Z. physiol. Chem., 1966, 347, 212
Holley, R. W., Everett, G. A., Madison, J. T. and Zamir, A. J. Biol. Chem., 1965, 240, 2122; Holley, R. W., Madison, J. T., Zamir, A. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 1964, 17, 389; Madison, J. T. and Holley, R. W. ibid., 1965, 18, 153; Melchers, F. and Zachau, H. G. Biochem. biophys. Acta, 1964, 91, 559; Dütting, D. and Zachau, H. G. ibid., 1964, 91, 573; Melchers, F., Dütting, D. and Zachau, H. G. ibid., 1965, 108, 182; Biemann, K., Tsunakawa, S., Sonnenbichler, J., Feldmann, H., Dütting, D. and Zachau, H. G. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1966, 5, 590; Hall, R. H., Robins, M. J., Stasiuk, L. and Thedford, R. /. Amer. chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 2614
McCully, K. S. and Cantoni, G. L. J. mol. Biol, 1962, 5, 497
Cantoni, G. L., Ishikura, H., Richards, H. H. and Tanaka, K. Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol, 1963, 28, 123
Cox, R. A. and Littauer, U. Z. J. mol Biol, 1960, 2, 166; Takanami, M., Okamoto, I. and Watanabe, I. J. mol. Biol, 1961, 3, 476
Spencer, M., Fuller, W., Wilkins, M. H. F. and Brown, G. L. Nature, Lond., 1962, 194, 1014
Spencer, M. and Poole, F. J. mol Biol, 1965, 11, 314
Canellakis, E. S. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1957, 25, 217; Hecht, L. I., Stephenson, M. L. and Zamecnik, P. C. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 1959, 45, 505; Preiss, J., Dieckmann, M. and Berg, P., J. biol. Chem. 1961, 236, 1748; Canellakis, E. S. and Hierbert, E. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 1960, 46, 170
Singer, M. F. and Cantoni, G. L. Biochim. biophys. Acta., 1960, 39, 182; Zillig, W., Schachtschabel, D. and Krone, W. Z. Physiol Chem. 1960, 318, 100; Okaka, E. and Osawa, S., Nature, Lond., 1960, 185, 921
Holley, R. W., Apgar, J., Everett, G. A., Madison, J. T., Marquisce, M., Merrill, S. H., Penswick, J. R. and Zamir, A., Science, N. Y., 1965, 147, 1462; Holley, R. W. Scient. Am., 1966, 214, No. 2, 30
Zachau, H. G., Dütting, D. and Feldmann, H. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 1966, 5, 422; idem. Hoppe Seyler’s Z. physiol. Chem., 1966, 347, 212
Zachau, H., Dütting, D., Feldmann, H., Melchers, F. and Karau, W. Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol, 1966, 31, 417
Ingram, V. M. and Sjöquist, J. A. Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol, 1963, 28, 133
Bayev, A. A., Venkstern, T. V., Mirzabekov, A. D., Krutilina, A., Li, L. and Axelrod, V. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1965, 108, 162; Bayev, A. A., Venkstern, T. V., Mirzabekov, A. D., Krutilina, A. L, Axelrod, V., Li, L. and Engelhardt, V. In Genetic Elements: Properties and Function, (Ed. D. Shugar) p. 287. London and New York: Academic Press, 1967
Madison, J. T., Everett, G. A. and Kung, H. K. Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant, Biol., 1966, 31, 409
Lagerkvist, U. and Berg, P. J. mol. Biol., 1962, 5, 39; Berg, P., Lagerkvist, U. and Dieckmann, M.J. mol. Biol., 1962, 5, 159
Ingram, V. M. and Sjöquist, J. A. Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol., 1963 28 133
Crick, F. H. C. J. mol. Biol., 1966, 19, 548
Söll, D., Jones, D. S., Ohtsuka, E., Faulkner, R. D., Lohrmann, R., Hayatsu, H. and Khorana, H. G. J. mol. Biol., 1966, 19, 556
Chargaff, E. In The Chemical Basis of Heredity, (Ed. McElroy and Glass), p. 521. Baltimore; Johns Hopkins Press 1957; Magasanik, B. In The Nucleic Acids, (Ed. Chargaff and Davidson), p. 373. New York; Academic Press, 1955
Elson, D. and Chargaff, E. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1955, 17, 367
Knight, C. A. J. biol. Chem., 1952, 197, 241
Lee, K. Y., Wahl, R. and Barbu, E. Ann. Inst., Pasteur, 1956, 91, 212; Belozersky, A. N. and Spirin, A. S. Nature, Lond., 1958, 182, 111
Schmidt, G., Cubiles, R. and Thannhauser, S. J. J. cell. comp. Physiol., 1951, 38, Suppl. 1, p. 61
Reddi, K. K. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1957, 25, 528; Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 1959, 45, 293
Peacocke, A. R. Progr. Biophys., 1960, 10, 55
Boedtker, H. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1959, 32, 519; J. mol. Biol., 1960, 2, 171
Kurland, C. G., J. mol. Biol., 1960, 2, 83
Littauer, U. Z. and Eisenberg, H. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1959, 32, 320
Gierer, A. Z. Naturf., 1958, 13b, 788
Hall, B. D. and Doty, P. J. mol. Biol., 1959, 1, 111
Timasheff, S. N., Brown, R. A., Colter, J. S. and Davies, M. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1958, 27, 662
Gierer, A. Z. Naturf., 1956, 11b, 138
Boedtker, H., Moller, W. and Klemperer, E. Nature, Lond., 1962, 194, 444
Moller, W. and Boedtker, H. Acides ribonucleiques et polyphosphates, Colloq. Intern. Centre Nati. Rech. Sci., 1962, 106, 99
Rich, A. and Watson, J. D. Nature, Lond., 1954, 173, 995
Ginoza, W. Nature, Lond., 1958, 181, 958
Gierer, A. Nature, Lond., 1957, 179, 1297
Stent, G. S. and Fuerst, C. R. J. gen. Physiol., 1955, 38, 441
Spirin, A. S. J. mol. Biol., 1960, 2, 436
Jones, A. S., Marsh, G. E., Cox, R. A. and Peacocke, A. R. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1956, 21, 576; Jones, A. S. and Peacocke, A. R. Trans. Faraday Soc, 1957, 53, 254
Littauer, U. Z. and Eisenberg, H. Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1959, 32, 320; Cox, R. A. and Littauer, U. Z. Nature, Lond., 1959, 184, 818
Hall, B. D. and Doty, P. In Microsomal Particles and Protein Synthesis, (Ed. R. B. Roberts), p. 27. Washington; Academy of Science, 1958; Doty, P., Boedtker, H., Fresco, J. R., Haselkorn, R. and Litt, M. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 1959, 45, 482
Doty, P. Biochem. Soc. Symp., 1962, 21, 8
Fresco, J. R., Alberts, B. M. and Doty, P. Nature, Lond., 1960, 188, 98
Fresco, J. R. and Alberts, B. M. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 1960, 46, 311
Spencer, M., Fuller, W., Wilkins, M. H. F. and Brown, G. L. Nature, Lond., 1962, 194, 1314
Spencer, M. Cold Spr. Harb. Symp.quant. Biol, 1963, 28, 77
Spencer, M. and Poole, F. J. mol. Biol., 1965, 11, 314
Schlessinger, D. J. mol. Biol., 1960, 2, 92
Klug, A., Holmes, K. C. and Finch, J. T. Unpublished observations, 1960; Blake, A. and Peacocke, A. R. Nature Lond., 1965, 208, 1319
Volkin, E. and Astrachan, L. Virology, 1956, 2, 149; Biochim. biophys. Acta, 1958, 29, 536; Volkin, E., Astrachan, L. and Countryman, J. L. Virology, 1958, 6, 545
Jacob, F. and Monod, J. J. mol. Biol, 1961, 3, 318
Brenner, S., Jacob, F. and Meselson, M. Nature, Lond., 1961, 190, 576
Gros, F., Hiatt, H., Gilbert, W., Kurland, C. G., Risebrough, R. W. and Watson, J. D. Nature, Lond., 1961, 190, 581
Risebrough, R. W., Tissieres, A. and Watson, J. D. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 1962, 48, 430
Monier, R., Naono, S., Hayes, D., Hayes, F. and Gros, F. J. mol. Biol, 1962, 5, 311
Nomura, M., Hall, B. D. and Spiegelman, S. J. mol. Biol, 1960, 2, 306
Ycas, M. and Vincent, W. S. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 1960, 46, 804
Loening, U. E. Nature, Lond., 1962, 195, 467
Ishihama, A., Mizuno, N., Takai, M., Otaka, E. and Osawa, S. J. mol. Biol, 1962, 5, 251
Steiner, R. F. and Beers, R. F. Polynucleotides—Natural and Synthetic Nucleic Acids. Amsterdam; Elsevier, 1961
Grunberg-Manago, M., Ortiz, P. J. and Ochoa, S. Science, 1955, 122, 907; Ochoa, S., and Heppel, L. A. In The Chemical Basis of Heredity (Ed. McElroy and Glass), p. 615. Baltimore; Johns Hopkins Press, 1957
Rich, A. In The Chemical Basis of Heredity (Ed. McElroy and Glass), p. 557. Baltimore; Johns Hopkins Press, 1957
Rich, A., Davies, D. R., Crick, F. H. C. and Watson, J. D. J. mol Biol, 1961, 3, 71
Warner, R. C. Fed. Proc, 1956, 15, 379; Rich, A. and Davies, D. R. J. Amer. chem. Soc, 1956, 78, 3548
Felsenfeld, G., Davies, D. R. and Rich, A. J. Amer. chem. Soc, 1957 79, 2023
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1965 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Peacocke, A.R., Drysdale, R.B. (1965). Ribonucleic Acid. In: The Molecular Basis of Heredity. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6317-8_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6317-8_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-6163-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-6317-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive