Abstract
Why do Soviet weapon designers copy Western concepts? The following Pentagon commentary wrestles with this question and sets the tone for Western efforts to protect high technologies which could feed the next generation of Soviet weapons systems.
No nation was ever ruined by trade.
Benjamin Franklin
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Notes
“Soviet Acquisition of Militarily Significant Western Technology, an Update,” US Government (department unspecified), September 1985, p. 2.
“To Examine US-Soviet Science and Technology Exchanges,” Hearings before the Subcommittee on Science, Space, and Technology, US House of Representatives, June 23–25, 1987, p. 11.
Judith Axler Turner, “Soviet Espionage Efforts Have Targeted US Research Libraries and Staffs since 1962, FBI Charges in Report,” The Chronicle of Higher Education, May 25, 1988, p. 1.
Brendan Greeley, “Soviets Target US Companies, Universities for New Technologies,” Aviation Week and Space Technology, September 30, 1985, p. 86.
“Assessing the Effect of Technology Transfer on US/Western Security. A Defense Perspective,” Office of the Undersecretary of Defense for Policy, February 1985, p. E-1.
Ibid., pp. 1–4.
Ibid., pp. 1–7.
Ibid. Among the many other sources is Michael Weisskopf, “Soviet Radar Allegedly Stolen from US,” The Washington Post, September 24, 1985, p. A15.
See, for example, “Tracking a Techno–bandit,” Newsweek, December 7, 1987, p. 66.
David E. Sanger, “In Shift, US Says Toshiba Sale to Moscow Was Damaging,” The Washington Post, March 15, 1988, p. 8.
“Soviet Acquisition of Technology, an Update,” p. 3.
Ibid, p. 4.
Scientific Communication and National Security, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, 1982.
The export control laws and regulations are detailed and complex. Of particular relevance to scientific cooperation is “Export Administration Regulations,” Scientific or Educational Data, pt. 379, p. 2. Also, see “Export Control of Technical Data,” International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce, July 20, 1983.
Balancing the National Interest, US National Security, Export Controls, and Global Competition, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, 1987; and Global Trends in Computer Technology and Their Impact on Export Control, National Research Council, National Academy Press, 1988.
Scientific Communication and National Security, p. 65.
For further insights on the complexities of technology transfer, see Bruce Parrott, ed., Trade, Technology, and Soviet—American Relations, Indiana University Press, 1985; Thane Gustafson, “Selling the Russians the Rope? Soviet Technology Policy and US Export Controls,” Rand Corporation, April 1981; “East—West Technology Transfer: A Congressional Dialogue with the Reagan Administration,’“, Joint Economic Committee, US Congress, December 19, 1984;
Andrew C. Revkin, “Supercomputers and the Soviets,” Technology Review, August/September 1986, p. 69;
Janice R. Lang, “Scientific Freedom: Focus of National Security Controls Shifting,” Chemical and Engineering News, July 1, 1985, p. 7;
Allen Wendt, “US Stance toward the Soviet Union on Trade and Technology,” Department of State, Current Policy No. 1128, November 1988.
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© 1989 Glenn E. Schweitzer
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Schweitzer, G.E. (1989). Trade, Cooperation, and the Techno-Bandits. In: Techno-Diplomacy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6046-7_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6046-7_7
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