Abstract
We have explored the history of counting from earliest hominids to modern Homo sapiens sapiens, the period from approximately five million years ago to eleven thousand years ago. Our story now continues with the dawn of farming in western Asia.
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End Notes
David Eugene Smith, p. 37.
Denise Schmandt-Besserat, Before Writing, Vol. I: From Counting to Cuneiform (Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1992), p. 7.
Ibid., p. 6.
Ibid., p. 190.
Mortimer Chambers, Raymond Grew, David Herlihy, Theodore Rabb, and Isser Woloch, The Western Experience: To 1715 (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1987), p. 7.
Schmandt-Besserat, p. 114.
Ibid., p. 199.
Carl B. Boyer, A History of Mathematics (New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1968), p. 33.
H. L. Resnikoff and R. O. Wells, Jr., Mathematics in Civilization (New York: Dover Publications, 1973), p. 76.
David Eugene Smith, p. 43.
Boyer, p. 22.
David Eugene Smith, p. 43.
Boyer, p. 12.
Morris Kline, Mathematical Thought from Ancient to Modern Times, Vol. 1 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1972), p. 16.
Lucas Bunt, Phillip Jones, and Jack Bedient, The Historical Roots of Elementary Mathematics (New York: Dover Publications, 1976), p. 37.
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© 1994 Calvin C. Clawson
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Clawson, C.C. (1994). Ancient Numbers. In: The Mathematical Traveler. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6014-6_5
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