Abstract
Traditionally, most studies of insect genome structure and expression have been limited to a few “model” organisms with unique biological features that have facilitated classical genetic analysis. Pre-eminent among these are the drosophilid flies, with their small genome size, low chromosome number, high reproductive rates, adaptability to lab culture, ability to withstand inbreeding, and the blessing of polytene chromosomes. This situation is in stark contrast to many lepidopteran species, especially serious pests of agriculture, which have always been terra incognita to geneticists. Most lepidoptera have larger genome sizes, much higher chromosome numbers, lower reproductive rates, more exacting culture requirements, and suffer more from inbreeding depression than Drosophila melanogaster. Polytene chromosomes are unknown in the order, and only one lepidopteran, the cultivated silkmoth Bombyx mori, possesses a detailed linkage map (Tazima 1975). Even this map is of little use in the study of other lepidoptera, because most of the genetic markers are deleterious morphological mutants for which establishment of homologies in other species is problematical. These reasons, among others, explain why genetics has always been one of the weakest links in the application of fundamental biological knowledge to developing biorational methods of lepidopteran pest control.
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Zraket, C.A., Barth, J.L., Heckel, D.G., Abbott, A.G. (1990). Genetic Linkage Mapping with Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms in the Tobacco Budworm, Heliothis virescens . In: Hagedorn, H.H., Hildebrand, J.G., Kidwell, M.G., Law, J.H. (eds) Molecular Insect Science. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3668-4_2
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