Summary
The species of the terverticillate Penicillia are re-investigated and delimited on the basis of the morphology of the conidiophores, phialides and conidia. In addition, growth characters and profiles of secondary metabolites were taken into account for definition of the taxa. In general, the terverticillate Penicillia represent a biologically homogenous group, but on the basis of their morphology subdivision into series is proposed. The series and the accepted taxa are discussed briefly and keyed out dichotomously. A list of the principal mycotoxins produced by each taxon is presented. Most species can be identified using morphological and cultural characters as observed on Czapek and 2% malt extract agar, while a more detailed speciation requires the use of a standardized medium regime including Czapek yeast extract agar, creatine sucrose agar and 5% acetic acid agar.
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Stolk, A.C., Samson, R.A., Frisvad, J.C., Filtenborg, O. (1990). The Systematics of the Terverticillate Penicillia. In: Samson, R.A., Pitt, J.I. (eds) Modern Concepts in Penicillium and Aspergillus Classification. NATO ASI Series, vol 185. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3579-3_11
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