Abstract
Prenatal diagnostic activity can be perceived in one of two different ways. On the one hand, it can be seen as a means of identifying abnormal fetuses at a stage of pregnancy at which abortion may be considered by parents and society to be more acceptable than the birth and survival of infants with severe impairments. On the other hand, because abnormality will only be diagnosed in a minoriy of fetuses investigated, prenatal diagnostic activity can also be seen as a means of identifying normal fetuses so that prospective parents can be reassured that their future child is very unlikely to suffer from the specific conditions sought.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Barela, A. I., Kleinman, G. E., Golditch, I. M., Menke, D. J., Hogge, W. A., Golbus, M. S. (1986) Septic shock with renal failure after chorionic villus sampling. Am. J. Obstet Gynecol. 154, 1100–12.
Beech, B. A. (1986) Consumer view of randomised trials of chorionic villus sampling, Lancet, i, 1157.
Beral, V. and Colwell, L. (1980) Randomised trial of high doses of stilboestrol and ethisterone therapy in pregnancy: long term follow-up of the mothers. Br. Med. J., 281, 1098–101.
Beral, V. and Colwell, L. (1981) Randomised trial of high doses of stilboestrol and ethisterone therapy in pregnancy: long-term follow-up of the children. J. Epidemiol. Commun. Health, 35, 155–6.
Bibbo, M., Gill, W. B., Azizi, F., Blough, R., Fang, V. S., Rosenfield, R. L. et al. (1977) Follow-up study of male and female offspring of DES-exposed mothers. Obstet. Gynaecol., 49, 1–8.
Bibbo, M., Haenzel, W. M., Wied, G. L., Hubby, M. and Herbst, A. L. (1978) A twenty-five year follow-up study of women exposed to diethylstilbestrol during pregnancy. New Engl. J. Med., 298, 763–7.
Blakemore, K. J., Mahoney, M. J. and Hobbins, J. C. (1985) Infection and chorionic villus sampling. Lancet,ii 339.
Brambati, B. and Varotta, F. (1985) Infection and chorionic villus sampling. Lancet, ii, 609.
Bryce, R., Fuller, P., Mohide, P. et al. (1983) Clinical trial of chorion biopsy. Can. Med. Assoc. J., 63, 349–57.
Cross, H. E. and Maumenee, A. E. (1973) Ocular trauma during amniocentesis. Arch. Ophthalmol., 90, 303–4.
Economist, The (1984) The Birthpangs of a New Science. 14 July, pp. 81–5.
Evans, R. (1985) Unpublished letter submitted to The Guardian, 15 May.
Feeny, D., Fuller, P. J., Milner, R., Mohide, P. T., Tomkins, D. J. and Torrance G. W. (1985) Chorionic villus sampling. Lancet, i, 1269–70.
Finegan, J. K. (1984) Amniotic fluid and midtrimester amniocentesis: a review. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 91, 745–50.
Fletcher, J. C. (1985) Ethical aspects of a controlled clinical trial of chorion biopsy approach to prenatal diagnosis. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., 177, 213–48.
Fortin, J. G. and Lemaire, J. (1975) Une complication oculaire de l’amniocentese. Can. J. Ophthalmol., 10, 511–13.
Garden, A. S., Reid, G., Benzie, R. J. (1985) Chorionic villus sampling. Lancet, i, 1270.
Greenberg, E. R. and Colton, T. (1982) Epidemiologic evidence for adverse effects of DES exposure during pregnancy. Am. Statist., 36, 268–72.
Harser, J. H., Pazin, G. J., Armstrong, J. A., Breinig, M. C. and Ho, M. (1983) Characteristics and management of pregnancy in women with genital herpes simplex virus infection. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.,145 784–91.
Hecht, F., Hecht, B. K. and Bixenman, H. A. (1984) Caution about chorionic villi sampling in the first trimester. New Engl. J. Med., 311 (21), 1388.
Herbst, A. L., Hubby, M. M., Blough, R. R. and Azizi, F. (1980) A comparison of pregnancy experience in DES-exposed and DES-unexposed daughters. J. Reprod. Med., 24, 62–9.
Herbst, A. L., Ulfelder, H. and Poskanzer, D. C. (1971) Adenocarcinoma of the vagina. Association of maternal stilbestrol therapy with tumour appearance in young women. New Engl. J. Med., 284, 878–81.
Hislop, A. and Fairweather, D. V. I. (1982) Amniocenteses and lung growth: an animal experiment with clinical implications. Lancet, ii, 1271–2.
Hislop, A., Fairweather, D. V. I., Blackwell, R. J. and Howard, S. (1984) The effect of amniocentesis and drainage of amniotic fluid on lung development in Macana fascicularis. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 91, 835–42.
Isenberg, S. J. and Heckenlively, J. R. (1985) Traumatized eye with retinal damage from amniocentesis. J. Pediatr. Ophthalmol. Strabismus, 22, 65–7.
Jahoda, M. G. J., Vosters, R. P. L., Sachs, E. S. and Galjaard, H. (1985) Safety of chorionic villus sampling. Lancet, ii, 941–2.
Kazy, Z., Rozofsky, I. S. and Bakharer, V. A. (1982) Chorion biopsy in early pregnancy: a method of early prenatal diagnosis for inherited disorders Prenat. Diag., 2, 39–45.
Keirse, M. J. N. C., Kanhai, H. H. H. and Bennebroek Gravenhorst, J. (1985) Safety of chorionic villus sampling. Lancet, ii, 1312.
Kullander, S. and Sandahl, B. (1983) Fetal chromosome analysis after transcervical placental biopsies during early pregnancy. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand., 52, 355–9.
Lancet editorial (1985) Can first-trimester fetal diagnosis be reliably evaluated? Lancet,i, 735–6.
Macnaughton, M. C. (1985) President’s Newsletter, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. February.
Marchese, C. A., Carbonara, Viora E., La Prova A. and Campogrande, M. (1984) Biopsy of Chorionic Villi for Prenatal Diagnosis, Acta. Obstet. Gynecol. Scand., 63, 737.
McFadyen, I. R., Taylor-Robinson, D., Furr, P. M. and Bounstouller, Y. L. (1985) Infection and chorionic villus sampling. Lancet, ii, 610.
Medical Research Council (1984) Meeting to discuss the evaluation of the safety of chorion biopsy techniques, London, 30 March.
Merin, S. and Beyth, Y. (1980) Uniocular congenital blindness as a complication of midtrimester amniocentesis. Am. J. Ophthalmol., 89, 299–301.
Micklethwait, P. (1985) NCT and Medical Research. New Generation, 4 (2), 5–6.
Modell, B. (1985) Chorion Villus Sampling: evaluating safety and efficacy. Lancet, i, 737–40.
Montgomery, J. R., Flanders, R. W. and Yow, M. D. (1973) Congenital anomalies and herpesvirus infection. Am. J. Dis. Child., 126, 364–6.
Muller, J. E., Stone, P. H., Markis, J. E. and Braunwald, E. (1981) Let’s not let the genie escape from the bottle — again. New Engl. J. Med., 304, 1294–6.
National Childbirth Trust (1985) A need to know. New Generation, 4 (2), 6.
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (1983) Summary of an ad hoc advisory meeting on chorion villus sampling, 18 October.
Report to the Medical Research Council by their Working Party on Amniocentesis. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol.,85, supplement no. 2.
Rodeck, C. H. and Nicolaides, K. H. (1984) Prenatal Diagnosis, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists/John Wiley and Sons, London.
Robinson, J. (1985) Contribution to meeting held at Friends Meeting House, Euston Road, London, 17 June.
Schulman, J. D. (1985) Safety of Chorionic Villus Sampling. Lancet, i, 1164.
Silverman, W. A. (1985) Human experimentation: a Guided Step Into the Unknown,Oxford University Press.
Simoni, G., Brambati, B., Danesino, C. et al. (1983) Efficient direct chromosome analysis and enzyme determination from chorionic villi samples in the first trimester of pregnancy. Hum. Genet., 63, 349–57.
Soman, M., Green, B. and Daling, J. (1985) Risk factors for early neonatal sepsis. Am. J. Epidemiol., 121, 712–19.
South, M. A., Rompkins, W. A. F., Morris, C. R. and Rawls, W. E. (1969) Congenital malformation of the central nervous system associated with genital type (type 2) herpesvirus. J. Pediat., 75, 13–18.
Stott, P. (1985) Sampling of the chorionic villi: a technique to complement amniocentesis. J. Royal Coll. Gen. Pract., 35 (274), 316–17.
Swyer, G. I. M., Law, R. G. (1954) An evaluation of the prophylactic antenatal use of stilboestrol. Preliminary report. Proceedings of the Society for Endocrinology. J. Endocrinol., 10, vi—vii.
Tabor, A., Philip, J., Madsen, M., Bang, J., Obel, E. B., Nordgaard-Pedersen, B. (1986) Randomized controlled trial of genetic amniocentesis in 4,606 low-risk women. Lancet, i, 1287–93.
Time (1983) 29 August, p. 77.
Ulfelder, H. (1980) The stilbestrol disorder in historical perspective. Cancer, 45, 3008–11.
Veitch, A. (1985) Abortion risk for medical trials women. The Guardian. 15 May.
Vessey, M. P., Fairweather, D. V. I. and Norman-Smith, B. (1983) Adverse effects of stilboestrol treatment in pregnancy on mothers and offspring. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 3, 55–7.
Vyas, H., Milner, A. D. and Hopkin, I. E. (1982) Amniocentesis and fetal lung development. Arch. Dis. Child., 57, 627–8.
Ward, R. H. T., Modell, B., Petrou, M., Karagozlu, F. and Douratsos, E. (1983) Method of sampling chorionic villi in first trimester of pregnancy under guidance of real time ultrasound. Br. Med. J., 286, 1542–4.
Wald, N. J., Terzian, E. and Vickers, P. A. (1983) Congenital talipes and hip malformation in relation to amniocentesis: a case control study. Lancet, ii, 246–9.
Warren, R. C., Butler, J., McKenzie, F. C., Morsman, J. M. and Rodeck, C. H. (1985) Does chorion villus sampling cause fetomaternal haemorrhage? Lancet, i, 691.
Weatherall, J. A. C. (1982) A review of some affects of recent medical practices in reducing the numbers of children born with congenital abnormalities. Health Trends, 14, 85–8.
WHO Working Group (1984) Fetal diagnosis of hereditary diseases. Bull. World Health Org., 62, 345–5.
Wyatt, P. R. (1985) Chorionic biopsy and increased anxiety. Lancet, ii, 1312–13.
Yusuf, S., Peto, R., Lewis, T., Collins, R. and Sleight, P. (1985) Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: an overview of the randomised trials. Progr. Cardiovasc. Diseases, XXVII (5), 336–71.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chalmers, I. (1987). Evaluation of the long-term consequences of chorion villus sampling. In: Liu, D.T.Y., Symonds, E.M., Golbus, M.S. (eds) Chorion Villus. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3362-1_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3362-1_17
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-412-27910-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-3362-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive