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Expression of cloned genes in animal cells

  • Chapter
Gene Cloning

Part of the book series: Outline Studies in Biology ((OSB))

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Abstract

The ability to transfer DNA into mammalian cells and so complement a mutation has been known for over two decades [1]. The technique remained inefficient until Graham and van der Eb [2] developed an assay for the infectivity of viral DNA in which the DNA is applied to the cells as a coprecipitate with calcium phosphate. Several groups subsequently demonstrated that using this technique it was possible to transfer the thymidine kinase (tk) gene from herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA into cells deficient for this enzyme. Such tk - cells survive because the normal pathway for the synthesis of dTTP is from dCDP and not from the dTMP produced by the phosphorylation of thymidine by thymidine kinase. Tk -cells do not survive in ‘HAT’ medium which contains hypoxanthine and aminopterin to block the synthesis of dTTP from dCDP and thymidine. Tk - cells that acquire the HSV tk gene can therefore be selected by growth in HAT medium. The observation that carrier DNA greatly enhanced the transformation frequency led to successful attempts to transfer single copy eukaryotic genes using total genomic DNA [3]. Wigler and colleagues then demonstrated that unlinked, non-selectable genes could be cotransformed when mixed in excess with selectable DNA [4, 5].

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  1. Cancer Research Campaign Eukaryotic Molecular Genetics Group, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, UK

    David M. Glover

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© 1984 D. M. Glover

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Glover, D.M. (1984). Expression of cloned genes in animal cells. In: Gene Cloning. Outline Studies in Biology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3246-4_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3246-4_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-412-26600-3

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