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Mutation research pp 306–334Cite as

Chemical mutagens: purines; base analogues; acridines; hydroxylamine; hydrazine; bisulphite. Reversion analysis

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Abstract

The possibility that purines or pyrimidines might be mutagenic had already been considered at a time when most geneticists thought that the specificity of the gene resided in its protein moiety. A considerable number of compounds were tested. While the results with pyrimidines were negative, various purines were found to produce chromosome breaks in plants and mutations in fungi and bacteria. Special interest was aroused by the mutagenic effects of caffeine because of the large amount of it that civilized man consumes in tea or coffee. At present, this interest has been revived through the prevailing preoccupation with genetic hazards from the environment. A recent issue of Mutation Research is wholly devoted to the genetic effects of caffeine (1). The introductory article by Kihlman surveys what is known about its mutagenic and chromosome breaking activity; it should be consulted for references to earlier literature. The remainder of the issue deals with the interaction effects between caffeine and other mutagens; those with UV have been mentioned in Chapter 14, those with alkylating agents in Chapter 16. The mechanism by which caffeine and related compounds act as mutagens in their own right is not yet understood. It is likely that, as in their synergistic action with other mutagens, they act via inhibition of enzymes concerned with repair and, perhaps, with other processes such as fidelity of DNA replication and the rejoining of broken chromosomes.

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  1. Institute of Animal Genetics, University of Edinburgh, UK

    Charlotte Auerbach F.R.S. (Professor Emeritus)

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© 1976 Charlotte Auerbach

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Auerbach, C. (1976). Chemical mutagens: purines; base analogues; acridines; hydroxylamine; hydrazine; bisulphite. Reversion analysis. In: Mutation research. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3103-0_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3103-0_17

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