Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Therapeutics in Rheumatology pp 206–241Cite as

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

  • Chapter

Abstract

This is a group of drugs with analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties whose main role is to provide symptomatic relief of pain and stiffness in various rheumatic and other conditions. In 1980 these drugs accounted for 5% of all patient prescriptions and around 10% of the total ingredient cost of all drugs (McLean, 1983). With such a potential market it is not surprising that the pharmaceutical industry has responded by producing a vast range of different NSAIDs, although these all tend to have comparable efficacies and indications. Release of new NSAIDs is continuing and this chapter will confine discussion to those marketed in the United Kingdom recently.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adams, S. S. and Buckler, J. W. (1979) Ibuprofen and flurbiprofen. Clinics Rheum. Dis., 5, 359–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrade, L. and Fernandez, A. (1978) Sulindac in the treatment of osteoarthritis: a double-blind 8-week study comparing sulindac with Ibuprofen and 96 weeks of long term therapy. Eur. J. Rheumatol. Inflammation, 1, 36–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andreasen, P. B., Simonsen, K., Brooks, R., Dimo, B. and Bouchelouche, P. (1981) Hypoglycaemia induced by azapropazone — tolbutamide interaction. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 12, 581–3.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Antilla, M., Haataja, M. and Kasanen, A. (1980) Pharmacokinetics of naproxen in subjects with normal and impaired renal function. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 18, 263–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bach-Andersen, R., Lund, B., Grae, A. and Sonne, I. (1982) (Abstract) A 12 months’ study of the effects of fenclofenac and gold in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Scand. J. Rheumatol., Suppl. 45, 43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker, N., Sibeon, R., Laws, E., Halliday, L., Orme, M. and Little, T. (1980). Indomethacin in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison of oral and rectal dosing. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 10, 387–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balogh, Z., Papazoglou, S. N., MacLeod, M. and Buchanan, W. W. (1979) A crossover clinical trial of piroxicam, indomethacin and ibuprofen in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 6, 148–53.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bartter, F. C., Pronove, P., Gill, J. R. et al. (1962) Hyperplasia of the juxtaglomerular complex with hyperaldosteronism and hypokalemic alkalosis. Am. J. Med., 33, 811–28.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bartter, F. C. and Schwartz, W. B. (1967) The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Am. J. Med., 42, 780–806.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berry, H., Ford-Hutchinson, A. W., Camp, A. V., Heywood, D., Molloy, M. G., James, D. W. and Hamilton, E. B. D. (1980) Antirheumatic activity of fenclofenac. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 39, 473–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackman, W. J. and Leckner, B. (1979) Clinical comparative evaluation of choline magnesium trisalicylate and acetylsalicylic acid in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol. Rehabil., 18, 119–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boardman, P. L. and Hart, F. D. (1967) Clinical measurement of the anti-inflammatory effects of salicylates in rheumatoid arthritis. Br. Med. J., 4, 264–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowden, R. E., Gill, J. R., Radfar, N., Taylor, A. A. and Keiser, H. R. (1978) Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors in Bartter’s syndrome. Effect on immunoreactive prostaglandin E excretion. J. Am. Med. Assoc, 239, 117–21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brewis, I. D. P. (1977) Ibuprofen and indomethacin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 5, 48–52.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brezin, J. H., Katz, S. M., Schwartz, A. B. and Chinitz, H. L. (1979) Reversible renal failure and nephrotic syndrome associated with non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs. N. Engl. J. Med., 301, 1271–3.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brogden, R. N., Pinder, R. M., Speight, T. M. and Avery, G. S. (1977) Fenoprofen: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in rheumatic diseases. Clinics Rheum. Dis., 13, 241–65.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brogden, R. N., Heil, R. C., Speight, T. M. and Avery, G. S. (1978) Tolmetin: A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in rheumatic diseases. Drugs, 15, 429–50.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brogden, R. N., Heil, R. C., Speight, T. M. and Avery, G. S. (1979) Flurbiprofen: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in rheumatic diseases. Drugs, 18, 417–38.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brogden, G. E., Speight, T. M., Pakes, G. E. and Avery, G. S. (1980) Diflunisal: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in musculoskeletal strains and sprains and pains in osteoarthritis. Drugs, 19, 84–106.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, P. M., Bell, M. A., Lee, P., Rooney, P. J. and Dick, W. C. (1974a) The effect of frusemide on indomethacin plasma levels. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 1, 485–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, P. M., Bell, M. A., Sturrock, R. D., Famaey, J. P. and Dick, W. C. (1974b) The clinical significance of indomethacin—probenecid interaction. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 1, 287–90.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, P. M. and Buchanan, W. W. (1976a) Azapropazone — its place in the management of rheumatoid conditions. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 4, 94–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, P. M. and Buchanan, W. W. (1976) Current management of rheumatoid arthritis in Recent Advances in Rheumatology (ed. W. W. Buchanan and W. C. Dick), No. 1, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp. 33–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, P. M., Mason, D. I. R., McNeil, R., Anderson, J. A. and Buchanan, W. W. (1976a) An assessment of the therapeutic potential of azapropazone in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 4, 50–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, P. M., Walker, J. T., Dick, W. C., Anderson, J. A. and Fowler, P. D. (1975) Phenylbutazone: a clinico-pharmacological study in rheumatoid arthritis. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol, 2, 437–42.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buchanan, W. W., Rooney, P. J. and Rennie, J. A. N. (1979) Aspirin and the salicylates. Clin. Rheum. Dis., 5, 499–539.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buxton, R., Grennan, D. M. and Palmer, D. G. (1978) Fenbufen compared with indomethacin in osteoarthritis. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 5, 682–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Calabro, J. J. (1978) Sulindac in the treatment of gout: multicase studies. Eur. J. Rheumatol. Inflammation, 1, 21–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cartwright, K. C., Trotter, T. L. and Cohen, M. C. (1979) Naproxen nephrotoxicity. Arizona Med., 36, 124–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ceuppens, J. L., Rodriguez, M. A. and Goodwin, G. S. (1982) Non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents inhibit the synthesis of IgM rheumatoid factor in vitro. Lancet, i, 528–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, A. (1979) Fecal blood loss and plasma salicylate study of salicylsalicylic acid and aspirin. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 19, 242–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Co-operating Clinics Committee of the American Rheumatism Association (1967) A three month trial of indomethacin in rheumatoid arthritis, with special reference to analysis and influence. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 8, 11–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cuthbert, M. F. (1974) Adverse reactions to non-steroidal anti-rheumatic drugs. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 2, 600–10.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, J., Dixon, A. St. J. and Ring, E. F. J. (1981) A double-blind cross-over comparison of piroxicam and indomethacin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Eur. J. Rheumatol. Inflammation, 4, 314–17.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davison, C. (1971) Salicylate metabolism in man. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 179, 249–68.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daymond, T. J., Thompson, M., Abbar, F. A. and Chertney, V. (1979) A controlled trial of tiaprofenic acid versus ibuprofen in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol. Rehabil., 18, 257–60.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deodhar, S. D., McLeod, M. M., Dick, W. C. and Buchanan, W. W. (1977) A short term comparative trial of salsalate and indomethacin in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 5, 185–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Donnelly, P., Lloyd, F. and Campbell, H. (1967) Indomethacin in rheumatoid arthritis: an evaluation of its anti-inflammatory and side effects. Br. Med. J., 1, 69–75.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doyle, D. (1981) An articular index for the assessment of osteoarthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 40, 75–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dieppe, P. A., Doherty, M., Whicker, J. T. and Walter, G. (1981) The treatment of gout with azapropazone: clinical and experimental studies. Eur. J. Rheumatol. Inflammation, 4, 392–400.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Douthwaite, A. H. and Lintott, G. A. M. (1938) Gastroscopic observation of the effect of aspirin and certain other substances on the stomach. Lancet, ii, 1222–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Editorial (1979) Anti-inflammatory drugs and tumour growth. Lancet, i, 420–1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Editorial (1980) Prostaglandin synthetase inhibition in obstetrics and after. Lancet, i, 185–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Editorial (1982) Benoxaprofen. Br. Med. J., 285, 459–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ehrlich, G. E. (1979) Tometin sodium: meeting the clinical challenge. Clinics Rheum. Dis., 5, 481–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehrlich, G. E., Muller, S. B. and Seider, R. S. (1980) Choline magnesium trisalicylate versus ibuprofen in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol. Rehabil., 19, 30–41.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Emori, H. W., Paulus, H., Bluestone, R., Champion, G. D. and Pearson, C. (1976) Indomethacin serum concentrations in man. Effects of dosage, food and antacids. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 35, 333–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fields, W. S., Lemak, N. A., Frankouski, R. F., Hardy, R. J. and Bigelow, R. H. (1980) Implications of aspirin trials in transient ischaemic attacks and strokes. Aspirin Symposium. Academic Press, London, pp. 33–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flower, R., Gryglewski, R., Harbaczyuska-Cectro, H. and Vane, J. R. (1972) Effects of anti-inflammatory drugs on prostaglandin biosynthesis. Nature, New Biol., 238, 104–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fowler, P. D. (1979) Voltarol: diclofenac sodium. Clinics Rheum. Dis., 5, 427–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geaney, P. D., Carver, J. G., Aronson, J. R. and Warlow, C. P. (1982) Interaction of azapropazone with phenytoin. Br. Med. J., 284, 1372.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Godfrey, R. G. and De La Cruz, S. (1975) Effect of ibuprofen dosage on patient response in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthr. Rheum., 18, 135–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, A. A. J. and Godfrey, R. E. (1980) Fenclofenac. Clinics Rheum. Dis., 6, 647–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Good, A. and Mena, H. (1977) Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with flurbiprofen and indomethacin. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 5, 117–21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grennan, D. M., Aarons, L., Siddiqui, M., Richards, M., Thompson, R. and Higham, C. (1983) Dose-response study with ibuprofen in rheumatoid arthritis: clinical and pharmacokinetic findings. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 15, 311–16.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grennan, D. M., Ferry, D. G., Ashworth, M. E., Kenney, R. E. and MacKinnon, M. (1979) The aspirin-ibuprofen interaction in rheumatoid arthritis. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 8, 497–503.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grennan, D. M., Jolly, J., Holloway, C. J. and Palmer, D. G. (1979) Vasculitis in a patient receiving naproxen. N. Z. Med. J., 89, 48–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grennan, D. M., McLeod, M., Watkins, C. and Dick, W. C. (1976) Clinical assessment of azapropazone in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 4, 44–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hart, F. D. and Boardman, P. L. (1975) Ibuprofen (4-isobutylphenyl acetic acid). Ann. Rheum. Dis., 24, 61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helberg, L. (1981) Clinical pharmacokinetics of indomethacin. Clin. Pharmacokinet., 6, 245–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henry, D. A. and Langman, M. J. S. (1981) Drugs as gastric irritants, in Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage (eds P. W. Dykes and M. R. B. Keighley), Wright, Bristol, pp. 49–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrich, W. L. (1983) Nephrotoxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Am. J. Kidney Dis., 2, 478–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Higgs, G. A. and Vane, J. R. (1983) Inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase and lipoxygenase. Br. Med. Bull., 39, 265–70.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Higham, C., Aarons, L., Holt, P. J. L., Lynch, M. and Rowland, M. (1981) A chronic dose-ranging study of the pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in rheumatoid arthritic patients. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 12, 123–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hurst, A. and Lintott, G. A. M. (1939) Aspirin as a cause of haematemesis. Guy’s Hosp. Rep., 89, 173–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huskisson, E. C. (1978) Sulindac. Eur. J. Rheumatol. Inflammation, 1, 3–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huskisson, E. C., Woolf, D. L., Baum, H. W., Scott, J. and Franklyn, S. (1979) Four new anti-inflammatory drugs: responses and variations. Eur.J. Rheumatol., 2, 29–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Inman, W. H. W. (1977) Study of fatal bone marrow depression with reference to phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone. Br. Med. J., 1, 1500–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, C. J. (1976) The pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of azapropazone — a review. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 4, 3–16.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kakkar, V. V. (1980) Aspirin — the prevention of venous thrombosis. Aspirin Symposium1980. Academic Press, London, pp. 63–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kent, T. H., Cordell, R. M. and Stamler, F. W. (1969) Small intestinal ulcers and intestinal flora in rats given indomethacin. Am. J. Pathol., 54, 237–45.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lasagna, L. (1961) Analgesic drugs. Am. J. Med. Sci., 242, 620–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lassus, A. (1976) A comparative study of azapropazone and indomethacin in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis and Reiter’s disease. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 4, 65–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levy, M. (1974) Aspirin use in patients with major upper gastro-intestinal bleeding and peptic-ulcer disease. N. Engl. J. Med., 290, 1158–62.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, G. P. (1983) Immunoregulatory activity of metabolites of arachidonic acid and their role in inflammation. Br. Med. Bull., 39, 243–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGiff, J. C. (1977) Bartter’s syndrome results from an imbalance of vasoactive hormones. Ann. Intern. Med., 87, 369–72.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McLean, W. (1983) Personal communication. DHSS Statistics and Research Division.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marbet, G. A., Auckert, F., Walter, M., Six, P. and Airenne, H. (1977) Interaction study between phenprocoumon and flurbiprofen. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 5, 16–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mavrikakis, M. E., MacLeod, M., Buchanan, W. W., Hernandez, L. A. and Rennie, J. A. N. (1977) Mefenamic acid: an under-rated antirheumatic? Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 4, 535–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mawdsley, P. (1979) Fenbufen. Clinics Rheum. Dis., 6, 615–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mielants, H., Veys, E. M., Verbrugen, G. and Schielstraeti, H. (1979) Salicylate-induced gastrointestinal bleeding. J. Rheumatol, 6, 210–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mintz, G. and Fraga, A. (1976) Gastro-intestinal bleeding in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the effects of azapropazone treatment. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 4, 89–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, W. S., Scott, P., Kennedy, A. C., Brooks, P. M., Templeton, R. and Jeffries, M. G. (1975) Clinicopharmacological studies in ketoprofen (Orudis). Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 3, 423–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mowat, A. G., Ansell, B. M., Gumpel, F. M., Hill, A. E. H., Hill, A. G. S. and Stoppard, M. (1979) Naproxen in rheumatoid arthritis. Extended trial: further report. Eur.J. Rheumatol. Inflammation, 2, 19–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muir, A. (1963) Salicylates, dyspepsia and peptic ulceration in Salicylates, an International Symposium (ed. A. St. J. Dixon, M. J. H. Smith, B. K. Martin and P. N. H. Wood), Churchill, London, p. 231.

    Google Scholar 

  • New Zealand Rheumatism Association (1974) Aspirin and the kidney. Br. Med. J., 1, 593–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Norby, L., Flamenbaum, W., Leutz, R. et al. (1976) Prostaglandins and aspirin therapy in Bartter’s syndrome. Lancet, ii, 604–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Grady, J. and Moncada, S. (1978) Aspirin: a paradoxical effect on bleeding time. Lancet, ii, 780.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer, D. G., Barbezat, G. O., Gibbons, B. L., Grennan, D. M., Lunn, J., Myers, D. B. and Wilson, K. (1981) A single-blind trial of the anti-inflammatory drug sodium meclofenamate, including an evaluation of the dynamics of grip and of lymphocyte responsiveness. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 7, 359–69.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer, D. G., Ferry, D. G. and Gibbons, D. C. (1981) Ibuprofen and diflusinal in rheumatoid arthritis — a double-blind trial. N. Z. Med. J., 94, 45–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paulus, H. E. and Fürst, D. E. (1979) Aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, in Arthritis and Allied Conditions (ed. J. McCarty), Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, pp. 331–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petersen, P. B., Husted, S., Mortensen, A. and Andreasen, F. (1979) The effect of daily administration of naproxen in the antithrombin complex activity in patients under long-term therapy with phenprocoxen. Scand. J. Rheumatol., 8, 54–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pottier, J., Berlin, D. and Raynaud, J. P. (1977) Pharmacokinetics of the anti-inflammatory tiaprofenic acid in humans, mice, rats, rabbits and dogs. J. Pharmacol. Sci., 66, 1030–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ranlov, P. J., Nielsen, S. P. and Barenholdt, D. (1983) Faecal blood loss during administration of acetylsalicylic acid, ketoprofen and two new ketoprofen sustained release compounds. Scand. J. Rheumatol., 12, 280–4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rees, W. D. W. and Turnberg, L. A. (1980) Reappraisal of the effects of aspirin on the stomach. Lancet, ii, 410–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rennie, J. A. W., MacLeod, M. M., Reynolds, R. G. and El-Ghobarvey, A. F. (1977) Comparison of sodium meclofenamate and indomethacin in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 4, 580–3.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rhymer, A. R. (1979) Sulindac. Clinics Rheum. Dis., 5, 553–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhymer, A. R. and Gengos, D. C. (1979) Indomethacin. Clinics Rheum. Dis., 5, 541–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ridolfo, A. S., Nichander, R. and Mikulasckek, W. M. (1979) Fenoprofen and benoxa-profen. Clinics Rheum. Dis., 5, 393–410.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritch, A. E. S., Perera, W. N. R. and Jones, C. J. (1982) Pharmacokinetics of azapropa- zone in the elderly. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol, 14, 116–19.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, H. J., Spector, R. G., Morrison, P. J. and Bradbrook, I. D. (1981) Comparative steady state pharmacokinetic study of piroxicam and flurbiprofen in normal subjects. Eur. J. Rheumatol. Rehabil., 4, 303–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruest, O., Biland, L., Thilo, D., Nyman, D. and Duckert, F. (1975) Testing of the antirheumatic drug tolmetin for interaction with oral anticoagulants. Schewize Med. Wochenschr., 105, 752–3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sasisekhar, P. R., Penn, R. G., Haslock, I. and Wright, V. (1973) A comparison of benorylate and aspirin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol. Rehabil. (Suppl.), 31–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seaman, W. E., Ishak, K. G. and Plotz, P. H. (1974) Aspirin-induced hepatotoxicity in patients with systemic lupus erythematous. Ann. Int. Med., 80, 1–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Segre, E. S. (1979) Naproxen. Clinics Rheum. Dis., 5, 411–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheldrake, F. E., Webber, J. M. and Marsh, B. P. (1977) A long-term assessment of flurbiprofen. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 5, 106–16.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sydnes, O. A. (1969) A controlled trial of flufenamic acid in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Rhys. Med., Suppl. 93–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sydnes, O. A. (1981) Comparison of piroxicam with naproxen in rheumatoid arthritis: a double-blind, cross-over multicentre study. Eur. J. Rheumatol. Inflammation, 4, 318–22.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tamisier, J. N. (1979) Ketoprofen. Clinics Rheum. Dis., 5, 381–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Templeton, J. S. (1981) Azapropazone — Twice or four times daily? Eur. J. Rheumatol. Inflammation, 4, 401–7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tudhope, G. R. (1967) Comparison of flufenamic acid with aspirin and paracetamol in terms of gastrointestinal blood loss. Ann. Rhys. Med., Suppl., 58–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaisrub, S. (1978) Bartter’s syndrome — limelight on prostaglandins. J. Am. Med. Assoc., 239, 137–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vakil, B. J., Kulkami, R. D., Kulkanja, V. N., Mehta, D. J., Granpure, M. B. and Pisfati, P. K. (1977) Estimation of gastro-intestinal blood loss in volunteers treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Curr. Med. Res. Opinion, 5, 32–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vergara-Castro, J. M., Avias, L. F. and Greenberg, B. P. (1976) A comparative clinical trial of fenbrufen and indomethacin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J. Int. Med. Res., 4, 418–26.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watkins, J., Abbot, E. C., Hensby, C. N., Webster, J. and Dollery, C. T. (1980) Attenuation of hypotensive effect of propranolol and thiazide diuretics by indomethacin. Br. Med. J., 281, 702–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wax, J., Clinger, W. A., Varner, P. et al. (1970) Relationship of the enterohepatic cycle to ulcerogenesis in the rat small bowel with flufenamic acid. Gastroenterology, 58, 772–80.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Widmark, P. (1978) Safety and efficacy of piroxicam in the treatment of acute gout. Eur. J. Rheumatol. Inflammation, 1, 346–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winder, C. V., Kaump, D. J., Glazko, A. J. and Holmes, E. L. (1967) Pharmacology of the fenemates. Experimental observations on flufenamic mefenamic and meclo-fenamic acids. Ann. Rhys. Med., Suppl. 7–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiseman, E. H. and Boyle, J. A. (1980) Piroxicam (Feldene). Clinics Rheum. Dis., 6, 585–613.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wojtulewski, J., Walter, J. and Thornton, E. J. (1981) Tiaprofenic acid (Surgam) in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee and hip. Rheumatol. Rehabil., 20, 177–80.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. David M. Grennan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Carol Higham
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sheffield Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Nether Edge Hospital, Sheffield, UK

    J. M. H. Moll BSc DM PhD FRCP (Consultant physician in Rheumatology and Head, Honorary Clinical Lecturer in Rheumatic Diseases) (Consultant physician in Rheumatology and Head, Honorary Clinical Lecturer in Rheumatic Diseases)

  2. University of Sheffield, UK

    J. M. H. Moll BSc DM PhD FRCP (Consultant physician in Rheumatology and Head, Honorary Clinical Lecturer in Rheumatic Diseases) (Consultant physician in Rheumatology and Head, Honorary Clinical Lecturer in Rheumatic Diseases)

  3. General Infirmary at Leeds, University Department of Medicine, UK

    H. A. Bird MA MD FRCP (Lecturer in Rheumatology, Honorary Consultant Rheumatologist) (Lecturer in Rheumatology, Honorary Consultant Rheumatologist)

  4. General Infirmary at Leeds and Royal Bath Hospital, Harrogate, UK

    H. A. Bird MA MD FRCP (Lecturer in Rheumatology, Honorary Consultant Rheumatologist) (Lecturer in Rheumatology, Honorary Consultant Rheumatologist)

  5. Clinical Research Department, Imperial Chemical Industries PLC, Pharmaceuticals Division, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, UK

    A. Rushton MB ChB MRCP (Drug team leader) (Drug team leader)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1986 J. M. H. Moll, H. A. Bird and A. Rushton

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Grennan, D.M., Higham, C. (1986). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In: Moll, J.M.H., Bird, H.A., Rushton, A. (eds) Therapeutics in Rheumatology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2883-2_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2883-2_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-412-24540-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-2883-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation