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Glycolipids, Phosphoglycolipids, and Sulfoglycolipids pp 321–361Cite as

Glycoglycerolipids of Animal Tissues

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Part of the book series: Handbook of Lipid Research ((HLRE,volume 6))

Abstract

This chapter summarizes the principal features of the biochemistry of the glycoglycerolipids (GGroLs) present in animal tissues. The isolation from wheat flour and the elucidation of the structure of galactosyldiacylglycerol (Ga1DAG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (Ga12DAG) by Carter and colleagues (1956, 1961a,b, 1965) is one of the landmarks of the history of the biochemistry of glycolipids, as it established the GGroLs as one of the major classes of glycolipids. Subsequently, it was shown relatively quickly that Ga1DAG and Ga12DAG are present in many plants and algae (reviewed by Sastry, 1974; Ishizuka and Yamakawa, 1985; see also Chapter 3, this volume). Of particular relevance to the subject matter of this chapter was the report by Steim and Benson (1963) that Ga1DAG occurs in bovine brain, as this was the first demonstration that GGroLs are constituents of animal tissues. Over the succeeding years, it has become apparent that a minimum of some six galactoglycerolipids are found in animal tissues, principally, although perhaps not exclusively, located in either nervous tissue and/or testis and spermatozoa. These six lipids can be allotted to two subclasses of the galactoglycerolipids: the galactosyldiacylglycerols and the galactosylacylalkylglycerols. It appears that each of these two subclasses contains a monogalactosyl species, a sulfated monogalactosyl species, and a digalactosyl species. Formal and trivial nomenclature for these lipids, the abbreviations for them used in this chapter, and the references reporting their initial discoveries are presented in Table 4-1. Figure 4-1 illustrates the structures of these compounds; it should be noted that structural information available on the two digalactosyl-containing lipids is incomplete.

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  1. Departments of Biochemistry and Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8

    Robert K. Murray & Rajagopalan Narasimhan

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  1. Robert K. Murray
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  1. Department of Biochemistry, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Morris Kates

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Murray, R.K., Narasimhan, R. (1990). Glycoglycerolipids of Animal Tissues. In: Kates, M. (eds) Glycolipids, Phosphoglycolipids, and Sulfoglycolipids. Handbook of Lipid Research, vol 6. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2516-9_4

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