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Neurological Localization in Autism

  • Chapter
High-Functioning Individuals with Autism

Part of the book series: Current Issues in Autism ((CIAM))

Abstract

The location of the neuropathology responsible for the clinical syndrome of autism has been a hotly debated topic since the 1960s, when evidence for central nervous system involvement was first given serious consideration. Since that time, three fundamentally different localizations have been hypothesized for the primary neuropathology in autism: the brainstem-cerebellar circuitry, the limbic system, and the circuitry of the cerebral cortex. In the last decade, there have been major shifts in the data available to support each of these localizations and, consequently, in the theories themselves. Although there continues to be some degree of support for abnormalities at each of these levels within the neuraxis, the evolving body of scientific research appears to suggest primary involvement of forebrain structures in autism and, in particular, in the distributed neural network involved in complex information processing. However, examination of existing data also highlights the real paucity of data related to the neurobiologic issues and the need for research to target specific hypotheses on the location and mechanism of the primary pathophysiology in autism, to accumulate a substantial research data base on these issues, and to interpret these data across test modalities and across the spectrum of autism in order to ascertain the essential nature and location of the neurobiology.

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  1. Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA

    Nancy J. Minshew

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  1. Division TEACCH, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    Eric Schopler  & Gary B. Mesibov  & 

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Minshew, N.J. (1992). Neurological Localization in Autism. In: Schopler, E., Mesibov, G.B. (eds) High-Functioning Individuals with Autism. Current Issues in Autism. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2456-8_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2456-8_4

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