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Lysosomal Degradation of Heparin and Heparan Sulphate

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Heparin and Related Polysaccharides

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 313))

Abstract

This review is a limited update of a previous review of enzymes that degrade heparan sulphate (HS) and heparin (Hopwood, 1989). Newly-synthesised HS proteoglycan (HSPG) is internalised from the cell surface and catabolised with a half-time of 4 to 6 h in rat ovarian granulosa cells (Yanagishita and Hascall, 1984), and by more than 28 h in human colon carcinoma cells (Iozzo, 1987). Studies of both cell types have shown the existence of preliminary protease and an initial endoglycosidase activity in non-lysosomal (chloroquine-insensitive compartments) to generate HS intermediates of Mr 10 kDa, and further chloroquine-sensitive endoglycosidic activity to produce HS fragments of Mr 5 kDa which are rapidly degraded in the lysosome by a series of exohydrolases to monosaccharides and sulphate without the generation of intermediates. A number of distinct lysosomal membrane transporters are involved in the efflux of the monomeric products GlcNAc, GlcA and IdoA and sulphate ions from the lysosome (Jonas et al., 1989; Jonas and Jobe, 1990a, 1990b; Mancini et al., 1989) which can be reutilised in biosynthetic pathways (Rome and Hill, 1986).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lysosomal Diseases Research Unit, Department of Chemical Pathology, Adelaide Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, 5006, South Australia, Australia

    Craig Freeman & John Hopwood

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  1. Craig Freeman
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  2. John Hopwood
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London, UK

    David A. Lane

  2. The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden

    Ingemar Björk

  3. Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

    Ulf Lindahl

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© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Freeman, C., Hopwood, J. (1992). Lysosomal Degradation of Heparin and Heparan Sulphate. In: Lane, D.A., Björk, I., Lindahl, U. (eds) Heparin and Related Polysaccharides. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 313. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2444-5_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2444-5_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-2446-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-2444-5

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